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Mupi wezvishandiso zvekuvaka kwemakore makumi matatu.
Mutauro
Mupi wezvishandiso zvekuvaka kwemakore makumi matatu.
Matambudziko mazhinji emini excavator final drive anowanikwa nezviratidzo - ruzha, kubuda kwemvura, kupisa, kurasikirwa nedrive - pasina kutanga waona kuti ndeipi yezvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana zvemuchina mukati meyuniti yakakundikana. Kufambisa kwekupedzisira pamuchina chero upi zvawo kubva pa0.8 t kusvika ku6 t kunobatanidza hydraulic piston motor neplanetary reduction gearbox muhombe imwe chete. Dzinogovana shaft nekesi, asi nzira dzadzo dzekukundikana, mhando dzemvura, uye zvinorehwa nekugadzirisa zvakasiyana zvachose. Kudzibatanidza ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekutsiva mota zvisina basa uye kutadza kugadzirazve nekukurumidza.
Usati waongorora zvimwe zvirwere, sarudza kuti ndeipi divi rekupedzisira rechirwere ichi. Nzira yakavimbika zvikuru haidi zvishandiso: tsvaga mvura iri kubuda kana kuti yakundikana uchishandisa viscosity.
Side yeHydraulic Motor
Mvura yacho yakatetepa zvinoonekwa — yakafanana nemafuta emuchina kana mvura yebhureki mumuviri. Kubuda kwemvura kunoonekwa pakubatanidza mapayipi, pasefa yemota, kana pasefa yedhireni. Zvikanganiso pano: kutadza kushanda kwesefa, kupwanyika kweport plate, kupwanyika kwebarrel/slipper, kupwanyika kwechaji. Chiratidzo: kurasikirwa nesimba rekutenderera, kuyerera kwedhireni zvakanyanya, kupisa zvakanyanya.
Rutivi rweGiya rePasirose
Mvura inonamira uye inonamira — oiri yegiya. Kubuda kwemvura kunoonekwa pachiso chekuisa sprocket (kukundikana kwechisimbiso cheduo-cone) kana pabhokisi rekufukidza gearbox. Zvikanganiso pano: kukundikana kwechisimbiso chegiya chekuyangarara, magiya eplanet akasakara kana mabearings ekutakura, kumanikidzwa kwegiya kubva pakubuda kwemuchina wemota. Chiratidzo: oiri panzira, kukuya pasi pemutoro, dhiraivha yakakiyiwa.
Musiyano uyu unokosha usati wavhura chero chinhu. Mota inotsiva yakaiswa mubhokisi remagiya rakasviba - kana bhokisi remagiya rakavakwazve pasina kugadzirisa chisimbiso chemugodhi chakakonzera kupinda kwesimba - ichakundikana zvakare mukati memaawa mashoma mushure mekudzorerwa pabasa.
Kana chisimbiso chemukati chemota chikaora, mvura yehydraulic inobuda ropa ichipfuura nechisimbiso yopinda mubhokisi rebhokisi repasi. Giya regiya harina nzira yekuderedza kumanikidzwa. Sezvo mvura yehydraulic ichiungana, inobvisa mafuta egiya uye inodzvanya mugomba. Chiratidzo chekutanga chinoonekwa ndiro yebhokisi regiya inotanga kuchema kana kuzvimba - kudonha kudiki, kwakadzikama kwemafuta egiya pasi pekumanikidzwa kudiki kubva pachivharo chisina kusimba.
Kana izvi zvikasagadziriswa, chivharo chinopatsanuka kana chiri kushanda nesimba. Giya, mabheyaringi epasi, uye magiya anotenderera zvinozosangana nekumanikidzwa kwemvura zvakananga, kusvibiswa, uye kurasikirwa nemafuta panguva imwe chete. Mugumisiro wacho unowanzo paradzwa zvachose nechikamu chepadenga mukati meshifiti imwe chete yekushanda.
Chiratidzo chemunda: Kana chifukidziro chegiya remagetsi chichidonhedza oiri yegiya asi mota pachayo isingaratidzi kubuda kwekunze pamidziyo yepombi kana padhireni, chisimbiso chemugodhi wemagetsi ndicho chinokonzera dambudziko - kwete gasket rekufukidza. Dzorera chisimbiso chemugodhi wemagetsi wosuka oiri yegiya remagetsi usati wabatanidzazve. Kuisa gasket rekufukidza idzva chete hakuzogadzirisi izvi.
Kukundikana kufamba zvisina kuenzana — imwe nzira inomhanya isina simba kana kuti isingafambi nepo imwe ichishanda zvakanaka — ndiyo inonyanya kuratidzwa nekukundikana kwemota yekufambisa yemini excavator. Ndiyowo inonyanya kuongororwa zvisizvo. Matambudziko maviri ekumusoro kwerwizi anounza zviratidzo zvakafanana ukuwo dhiraivha yekupedzisira isina kukuvara zvachose.
Jointi inotenderera inopfuura nehydraulic supply yodzokera kumamota ese ari maviri ekufamba nepakati pemuviri une maport akawanda anotenderera. Mhete dzemukati dzinoparadzanisa nzira dzekuyerera. Kana ring imwe ikapfeka kana kupinza goho mubore remuviri, kuyerera kwemota imwe kunobuda ropa richiyambuka kuenda kuchiteshi chiri pedyo kana kupinda mumutsara wekudzokera isati yasvika pakutyaira kwekupedzisira. Mota yakakanganiswa inowana kumanikidzwa kwakaderera uye kuyerera kwakaderera; mushandi anozviona sekukundikana kwemota. Isa pressure gauge pachiteshi chekupinda chemota. Kana kumanikidzwa kwesimba pamota kuri 30–40 bar pasi pesimba guru redunhu panguva yekuedzwa kwenzvimbo yekufamba, jointi inotenderera ndiyo mhosva, kwete mota.
Mamota ekufamba ari pamichina iri pamusoro pe 1.5 t anoshandisa brake rekupaka rinoburitswa ne hydraulic rakaiswa muchivharo chekupedzisira chemota. Kana chiteshi chekuburitsa mabhureki chakaganhurirwa — netambo yemutyairi yakavharika, O-ring yakakundikana muvharuvhu yekuburitsa, kana chiratidzo chemutyairi chisina kusimba — bhureki haribvi zvachose. Mota inoedza kutenderera ichipesana nekubatanidzwa kwemabhureki zvishoma. Mugumisiro wacho: nzira inononoka, inogadzira kupisa panzvimbo yemota isingaenzaniswi nemutoro webasa, uye inogona kusunga nekumhanya kwakaderera ichimhanya zvakasununguka nekumhanya kwakakwirira sezvo kumanikidzwa kwe hydraulic kuchikunda simba rekubvisa mabhureki zvishoma.
Kupukuta imba yekupedzisira yedhiraivha nekuchenesa muchina kwemaminitsi gumi uri pasi pemutoro — wozoongorora netochi usati waisa mafuta patsva — kunoratidza kwakabva kudonha kwemvura zhinji pasina kubvisa. Nzvimbo nhatu dzinoratidza huwandu hwezviitiko mukirasi ye0.8 t–6 t:
Kubuda kwechinhu chinobuda pachiso chesimbi (sprocket-face leak) ioiri yegiya inobva muchisimbiso cheduo-cone chakakundikana (floating face). Chisimbiso ichi chine mhete mbiri dzesimbi dzakasungirirwa dzakamanikidzwa ne toroidal rabber elements. Kukundikana kwechisimbiso kunowanzo kukonzerwa nekusvibiswa kunopinda pakati pezviso zvinopinda, nekuomarara kwechinhu cherabha mumichina inochengetwa isina kushandiswa nguva dzose, kana nemugwagwa usina kurongeka uchigadzira mutoro we axial pazviso zvechisimbiso. Kutsiva kunoda maturusi ekudhonza chisimbiso uye nzvimbo yakachena, yakatsetseka yekusangana - kuiswa pasina kusimbisa kuti chiso chemba chakatsetseka kunoita kuti 30% yekutadza kudzokazve kwechiso isati yakwana.
Kubuda kweplate yekuvhara pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakajeka kunoratidza kusashanda zvakanaka kweO-ring gasket (inowanzoonekwa pamabolt-on covering mushure mekupisa) kana kuti kuwedzera kwepressure mubhokisi remagiya kubva pakutadza kwechisimbiso chemotor shaft kwakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa. Zvikonzero zviviri izvi zvinoda nzira dzakasiyana zvachose.
Kubuda kwemvura inoyerera mugomba kana kuti paipi yemvura kunokonzerwa nemvura inoyerera, kwete mafuta egiya. Izvi zvinowanzova kukanganisa kwekubatanidza kana kuti clamp yemuchina pane kukanganisa kwemukati memota — asi kana kumanikidzwa kwemvura inoyerera mugomba kwakakwira, zvinogona kuratidza kuti pane firita yemvura inoyerera yakavharika pamutsetse wekudzokera, iyo inozopedzisira yadzvanya chisimbiso chemota kuti chisashande.
