Mai samar da kayan aikin gini na mafita na injunan gini na tsawon shekaru 30.
Harshe
Mai samar da kayan aikin gini na mafita na injunan gini na tsawon shekaru 30.
Ana gano yawancin matsalolin tuƙi na ƙarshe na ƙananan injin haƙa rami ta hanyar alamun - hayaniya, zubewa, zafi, asarar tuƙi - ba tare da fara tantance wanne daga cikin sassan injina guda biyu da ke cikin na'urar ya gaza ba. Tuƙi na ƙarshe akan kowace na'ura daga t 0.8 zuwa t 6 yana haɗa injin piston na hydraulic tare da akwatin gear na rage duniya a cikin gida ɗaya. Suna raba shaft da akwati, amma yanayin gazawarsu, nau'ikan ruwa, da tasirin gyara sun bambanta gaba ɗaya. Haɗa su shine tushen yawancin maye gurbin motar da ba dole ba da kuma yawancin gazawar sake ginawa da wuri.
Kafin wani ganewar asali, gano wane ɓangare na tuƙi na ƙarshe ya haifar da alamar. Hanyar filin da ta fi inganci ba ta buƙatar kayan aiki: gano ruwan da ke zuba ko ya gaza ta hanyar ɗanko.
Bangaren Motar Hydraulic
Ruwa yana da siriri sosai - kamar mai injin mai sauƙi ko ruwan birki. Zubewa yana bayyana a haɗin bututu, a hatimin shaft ɗin motar, ko a gefen tashar magudanar ruwa. Kurakurai a nan: gazawar hatimin shaft, lalacewar farantin tashar jiragen ruwa, lalacewar ganga/slipper, lalacewar famfon caji. Alama: asarar ƙarfin juyawa, kwararar magudanar ruwa mai yawa, zafi fiye da kima.
Gefen Akwatin Gear na Duniya
Ruwa yana da ɗanɗano kuma yana da laushi - man gear. Zubewa yana bayyana a fuskar da ke ɗora sprocket (lalacewar hatimin duo-cone) ko a farantin murfin gearbox. Kurakurai a nan: gazawar hatimin fuska mai iyo, gears na duniya da suka lalace ko bearings masu ɗaukar kaya, tarin matsin lamba na gearbox daga hatimin shaft na mota. Alama: mai a kan hanyoyi, niƙa a ƙarƙashin kaya, tuƙi da aka kulle.
Wannan bambanci yana da muhimmanci kafin a buɗe komai. Injin maye gurbin da aka sanya a cikin akwatin gear mai gurbatacce - ko kuma sake gina akwatin gear ba tare da magance hatimin shaft ɗin motar da ya haifar da matsin lamba ba - zai sake lalacewa cikin sa'o'i bayan an dawo da shi aiki.
Idan hatimin shaft na cikin injin ya lalace, ruwan hydraulic mai ƙarfi yana zubar da jini ta hanyar hatimin kuma ya shiga cikin akwatin gear na duniya. Akwatin gear ba shi da hanyar rage matsin lamba. Yayin da ruwan hydraulic ke taruwa, yana maye gurbin man gear kuma yana matsa ramin. Alamar farko da za a iya gani ita ce farantin murfin gear yana fara kuka ko kumbura - ƙaramin tsintsiyar man gear a ƙarƙashin ɗan matsi daga murfin da ba shi da kyau.
Idan ba a magance wannan ba, farantin murfin zai rabu ƙarƙashin matsin lamba na aiki. Saitin gear, bearings na ɗaukar kaya na duniya, da gear zobe za su fuskanci matsin lamba kai tsaye na hydraulic, gurɓataccen abu, da asarar man shafawa a lokaci guda. Sakamakon yawanci shine lalata sashin duniya gaba ɗaya a cikin aiki ɗaya.
Alamar filin: Idan murfin gear yana zuba man gear amma injin da kansa bai nuna wani ɗigon ruwa na waje a kayan aikin bututu ko magudanar ruwa ba, hatimin shaft ɗin motar shine tushen matsalar - ba gasket ɗin murfin ba. Sauya hatimin shaft ɗin motar kuma a wanke man gear ɗin kafin a sake haɗa shi. Sanya sabon gasket ɗin murfin shi kaɗai ba zai magance wannan matsalar ba.
Matsalar tafiya mara daidaito - wata hanya tana aiki da rauni ko kuma ba ta motsi yayin da ɗayan ke aiki yadda ya kamata - ita ce mafi yawan bayyanar gazawar motar tafiyar haƙa rami. Hakanan shine mafi yawan kuskuren gano shi. Kurakuran biyu a sama suna haifar da alamu iri ɗaya yayin da suke barin na'urar ƙarshe ba ta lalace gaba ɗaya.
Haɗin juyawa yana ratsa samar da ruwa da kuma mayar da shi ga injunan tafiya guda biyu ta hanyar jikin mai juyawa da yawa. Zoben hatimi na ciki yana raba hanyoyin kwararar ruwa. Lokacin da zobe ɗaya ya lalace ko ya sami rami a cikin ramin jiki, kwararar ruwa ga injin ɗaya yana zubar da jini zuwa tashar da ke kusa ko zuwa layin dawowa kafin ya isa tuƙi na ƙarshe. Injin da abin ya shafa yana samun raguwar matsin lamba da kwarara; mai aiki yana ganin hakan a matsayin gazawar injin. Sanya ma'aunin matsin lamba a tashar shiga motar. Idan matsin lamba a injin ya kasance sandar 30-40 ƙasa da babban matsin lamba na da'ira yayin gwajin tsayawar tafiya, haɗin juyawa shine laifin, ba injin ba.
Injinan tafiya a kan injina sama da t 1.5 suna amfani da birkin ajiye motoci na hydraulic-release wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin murfin ƙarshen motar. Idan tashar sakin birki ta takaita - ta hanyar layin matukin jirgi da aka toshe, O-ring da ya lalace a cikin bawul ɗin sakin, ko siginar matukin jirgi mai rauni - birkin ba ya yanke gaba ɗaya. Injin yana ƙoƙarin juyawa akan haɗin birki na ɓangare. Sakamakon: hanya mai jinkiri, wanda ke haifar da zafi a gidan motar wanda bai dace da nauyin aiki ba, kuma wanda zai iya ɗaurewa da ƙarancin gudu yayin da yake gudana cikin 'yanci a babban gudu yayin da matsin lamba na hydraulic ya shawo kan ƙarfin birki na ɓangare.
Shafa gidan tuƙi na ƙarshe da kuma kunna injin na tsawon mintuna 10 a ƙarƙashin kaya - sannan a duba da tocila kafin a sake rarraba mai - yana gano asalin mafi yawan ɓuɓɓugar ruwa ba tare da an cire shi ba. Wurare uku ne suka fi yawa a cikin ajin t-0.8:
Fitar da fuskar Sprocket man gear ne daga hatimin fuska mai lanƙwasa mai lanƙwasa (duo-cone). Hatimin ya ƙunshi zoben ƙarfe guda biyu da aka matse juna ta hanyar abubuwan roba na toroidal. Rashin nasarar hatimin yawanci yana faruwa ne ta hanyar gurɓatawa tsakanin fuskokin lanƙwasa, ta hanyar taurarewar abubuwan roba a cikin injunan da aka adana ba tare da aiki na yau da kullun ba, ko kuma ta hanyar da ba ta dace ba wanda ke haifar da nauyin axial akan fuskokin hatimin. Sauyawa yana buƙatar kayan aikin jan hatimi da kuma saman haɗuwa mai tsabta, mai faɗi - shigarwa ba tare da tabbatar da lanƙwasa na fuskar hatimin gida ba ya kai kusan kashi 30% na sake lalacewa da wuri.
Zubar da farantin murfin a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba mai sauƙi yana nuna ko dai gazawar gasket ɗin O-ring (wanda aka saba gani a kan murfin da ke kan maƙalli bayan zagayowar zafi) ko kuma tarin matsin lamba na gearbox daga matsalar hatimin shaft ɗin motar da aka bayyana a sama. Tushen dalilai guda biyu suna buƙatar hanyoyin magancewa daban-daban.
Tashar magudanar ruwa ko ɗigon bututun ruwa ruwa ne mai amfani da ruwa, ba man gear ba. Wannan kusan koyaushe matsala ce ta matse bututu ko kuma matsalar matse bututu maimakon matsalar cikin motar - amma idan matsin lamba na magudanar ruwa ya yi yawa, yana iya nuna toshewar matatar magudanar ruwa a layin dawowa, wanda daga ƙarshe zai sake matse hatimin shaft ɗin motar har ya lalace.
