Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Ulimi
Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Izinkinga zokuqalisa ngokubandayo kuma-compact loaders zivame ebusika, ikakhulukazi emishinini yedizili. Ama-loaders amaningi asebenza kahle emini kodwa kuba nzima ukuqala ngemva kokuhlala ubusuku bonke. Ekuqaleni, lokhu kungase kubonakale sengathi inkinga yebhethri elula. Eqinisweni, imbangela yangempela ivame ukuba yinhlanganisela yezinkinga ezincane. Ibhethri lingase liqhume kancane esimweni sezulu esibandayo, uphethiloli ungase ungahambi kahle, ama-glow plugs angase angashisi kahle, noma ukungena komoya kungase kuvinjelwe kancane uthuli nemfucumfucu. Lapho lezi zinkinga zivela ndawonye, umshini ungase uqhume isikhathi eside kakhulu, ukhiphe intuthu, umlilo kanye bese uyeka, noma wehluleke ukuqala nhlobo. Yingakho izinkinga zokuqalisa ngokubandayo kwe-compact loader kufanele zihlolwe njengohlelo kunokuqagelwa kusuka esibonakaliso esisodwa kuphela.
Iningi labaqhubi liqala ngokucabanga ngebhethri, futhi lokho kuyaqondakala. Kodwa-ke, kumshini wokulayisha udizili, ukuqala okubandayo kuncike kokungaphezu kwamandla e-cranking. Injini idinga nophethiloli ohlanzekile, ukushisa okwanele ekamelweni lokushisa, kanye nokugeleza komoya okubushelelezi ohlelweni lokungenisa. Uma esinye salezi zimo sibuthakathaka, ukuqala kuba nzima. Uma ezimbili noma ezintathu zibuthakathaka ngesikhathi esisodwa, umshini uvame ukuba nzima kakhulu ukuwuqala ekuseni kubanda. Lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi ukuqala kanzima kumshini wokulayisha udizili esimweni sezulu esibandayo kuvame kangaka ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela emsebenzini.
Injini kadizili iqala ngendlela ehlukile kunenjini kaphethiloli. Ayisebenzisi i-spark plug ukuze ivuthele uphethiloli. Kunalokho, ithembele ekushiseni okucindezelwayo. Ezimweni ezifudumele, leyo nqubo ilula. Ezimweni ezibandayo, isimo siyashintsha. Uwoyela uba mkhulu, ibhethri ilahlekelwa ingxenye yokukhipha kwayo, futhi izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwamasilinda likhuphuka kancane ngesikhathi sokugoba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uphethiloli kadizili ungaqina futhi ungagelezi kalula ngesihlungi nemigqa. Ngenxa yalokhu, umshini oqala ngokujwayelekile esimweni sezulu esithambile ungase unciphe futhi kube nzima ukuwuqala uma izinga lokushisa lehla.
Yingakho izinkinga zokuqalisa ngokubandayo kungafanele zahlulelwe ngokushesha kakhulu. I-loader ingase isaqhuma, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ibhethri lilungile ngokwanele. Ingase isathola uphethiloli, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi ukulethwa kukaphethiloli kulungile. Ingase isenama-glow plug asebenzayo, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi lonke uhlelo lokushisa lusebenza njengoba kufanele. Empeleni, isimo sezulu esibandayo sinciphisa umkhawulo wokuphepha wenqubo yonke yokuqalisa. Lapho nje kuvela ubuthakathaka obuncane, ikhwalithi yokuqalisa iyehla.
Uma umshini wokulayisha omncane uqhuma kodwa ungaqali kahle, uhlelo lukaphethiloli lungenye yezindawo zokuqala okufanele zihlolwe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma umshini upakwe ubusuku bonke emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhlolwa kohlelo lukaphethiloli ukuze kuqalwe kanzima kungabonisa ngokushesha ukuthi inkinga ukuhamba kahle kukaphethiloli, umoya ovalelekile, isihlungi esivalekile, noma ukulahlekelwa yi-prime ngemva kokuvala.
Izinkinga zikaphethiloli zivame ukukhombisa iphethini ecacile. Injini ingase iqhume ngokulinganayo kodwa yehluleke ukusha. Ingase iqale isikhashana bese ima. Ingase futhi idinge imizamo ephindaphindwayo ngaphambi kokuba isebenze kahle. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zisho ukuthi uphethiloli awufinyeleli kuma-injector ngendlela ezinzile nehlanzekile. Ezimweni ezibandayo, into yokuqala okufanele uyicabangele isimo sikaphethiloli. Uma udizili uqala ukujiya, ukugeleza kukaphethiloli kwehla kakhulu. Ngisho noma umshini usenophethiloli ethangini, injini ingase iziphathe sengathi ayinamandla.
Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu zasebusika ukujiya kukaphethiloli wedizili kuma-loader esimo sezulu esibandayo . Uma uphethiloli uqina, kuba nzima ukudlula esihlungini. Umshini ungase uqine kakhulu, kodwa wehluleke ukuqala. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela opharetha ukuthi basole uhlelo lukagesi kuqala, kodwa iphutha langempela ukugeleza kukaphethiloli okuvinjelwe. Isihlungi sikaphethiloli esivinjiwe kancane singadala uphawu olufanayo. Kanjalo nokungcola kwamanzi esitsheni sesihlungi kungaba njalo.
Enye inkinga evamile umoya ongena emgqeni kaphethiloli. Uma iloja iqala kangcono ngemva kokuyibeka, noma uma iqala bese ifa ngemva kwesikhashana, uhlelo lungase lulahlekelwe yi-prime ngenkathi lupakwe. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokufakwa okuxegayo, izivalo ezigugile, amapayipi aqhekekile, noma ukuvuza okuncane okuzungeze ikhanda lesihlungi. Kulezi zimo, umshini ungase ubonakale unenkinga enkulu, kodwa imbangela yangempela ivame ukuba ukulahlekelwa nje kwengcindezi kaphethiloli ohlangothini lokumunca.
Uma isihlungi sishintshiwe muva nje, ithangi livunyelwe ukuthi linciphe, noma umugqa kaphethiloli uvuliwe ukuze kusetshenzwe, umoya ungase uhlale ngaphakathi ohlelweni. Yilapho-ke ukuhlolwa kwezinkinga zokungaqali kohlelo lukaphethiloli ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo kuba usizo. Ukopha kususa umoya ovalelekile futhi kusiza ukubuyisela ukugeleza kukaphethiloli okuzinzile. Kuphinde kusize ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo ludonsa uphethiloli oqinile noma ludonsa umoya futhi. Uma amabhamuza ebuya ngemva kokopha, umshini cishe unokuvuza okungaphezulu okusadinga ukulungiswa.
Uma ukulethwa kukaphethiloli sekuhloliwe, indawo elandelayo uhlelo lwe-glow plug. Enjinini ebandayo yedizili, ama-glow plug adlala indima enkulu ekusizeni igumbi lokushisa lifinyelele izinga lokushisa lokuqala. Uma engafudumali kahle, injini ingase isakwazi ukugoba kahle, kodwa ukushisa kuzobambezeleka futhi kungazinzile. Yingakho izimpawu zokwehluleka kwe-glow plug izinkinga zokuqala kwedizili zivamile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwasebusika.
Uhlelo lwe-glow plug olubuthakathaka luvame ukubangela ukugoba okude, ukuqhuma okunzima ngemizuzwana embalwa yokuqala, kanye nentuthu emhlophe evela emthonjeni wokukhipha ugesi. Kwezinye izimo, umshini uqala kangcono ngemva kokushintsha ukhiye kabili. Leso esinye isibonakaliso esiwusizo. Kusikisela ukuthi injini isabela esikhathini esengeziwe sokushisa kusengaphambili. Uma i-loader iqala kabi kuphela ezimweni ezibandayo kodwa isebenza ngokujwayelekile uma ifudumele, ukusebenza kwe-glow plug kufanele kuhlolwe ngokucophelela.
Ukuze uthole ukuthi ungawahlola kanjani ama-glow plugs ahlola i-compact loader , kungcono ukungazishintshi izingxenye ngokungaboni. Okokuqala, qinisekisa ukuthi amandla afinyelela kuma-glow plugs ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokushisa kwangaphambilini. Ngemuva kwalokho, hlola i-plug ngayinye ngokwendlela yomenzi wenjini. Uma i-plug eyodwa yehluleka, isilinda esisodwa singase sihlale sibanda kakhulu ekuqaleni. Uma ama-plugs amaningana ebuthakathaka, injini ingase iqhume isikhathi eside futhi ikhiqize intuthu emhlophe ngaphambi kokuthi iqale ukusebenza ekugcineni. Kulezi zimo, opharetha bavame ukuchaza inkinga njengokuqala okunzima, kanti inkinga yangempela ukufudumeza kwangaphambilini okungaphelele.
Ama-glow plug ngokwawo ayingxenye yesistimu. Uma i-relay ibuthakathaka, uma izintambo zinokumelana, noma uma i-voltage yebhethri yehla kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushisa kwangaphambili, ama-plug angase angasebenzi kahle ngisho noma esesesimweni esisebenzisekayo. Lokhu kwenza i-glow plug relay yokuxazulula izinkinga zemishini yokwakha emincane ibe yingxenye ebalulekile yanoma yikuphi ukuhlonza ukuqala kwasebusika. Ama-loaders amaningi athola ama-glow plug amasha kodwa agcina iphutha le-relay yokuqala, ngakho inkinga yokuqala ibuya ngokushesha.
Ngemva kokufaka uphethiloli nama-glow plug, kufanele kuhlolwe ukuthi umoya ungena kanjani. Le ndawo ivame ukunganakwa ngoba kubonakala sengathi ayivamisi umshini ukuqala. Eqinisweni, amaphutha enjini yedizili yokuqalisa udizili ngokuvinjelwa komoya angenza ukuqala komoya kube kubi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kuma-loaders asebenza ezindaweni ezinothuli, ezingcolile, noma ezinodaka.
Ama-compact loaders avame ukusebenza ezindaweni lapho isihlungi somoya silayisha khona ngokushesha. Uthuli oluncane, izinhlayiya zokudla, impuphu yesimende, uthuli lwezinkuni, kanye nemfucumfucu yendawo konke kunganciphisa ukuhamba komoya. Lapho indlela yokungena iba ncane, injini ithola umoya ohlanzekile omncane ngesikhathi sokusha. Ezimweni ezibandayo, lokho kugeleza komoya okuncishisiwe kwenza kube nzima ngenjini ukwakha ukushisa okuzinzile.
Inkinga ye-air filter engcolile, i-hard starting skid steer, ingase ingabi imbangela yokungaqali ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi injini iqala ngamandla, ikhiphe intuthu, bese iphela kamuva. Ngezinye izikhathi iqala kuphela ngemva kokujikijela isikhathi eside. Ngezinye izikhathi ayisebenzi kahle uma i-throttle isetshenziswa ngemuva nje kokuqala. Lezi zimpawu kulula ukuzidida ngamaphutha kaphethiloli noma ama-injector, yingakho indlela yokungenisa kufanele isahlolwa. I-filter engcolile, uphawu lwendlu eyonakele, ipayipi eliwile, noma indlela yomoya evinjiwe konke kunganciphisa ikhwalithi yokuqala.
Ensimini, indlela esheshayo yokuthola ukuthi i-no-start yasebusika ayiqali ukuqhathanisa iphethini yezimpawu. Uma injini iqina kakhulu kodwa izwa sengathi ayitholi uphethiloli owanele, hlola i-fuel gelling, ukuvaleka kwesihlungi, ukulahleka kwe-prime, kanye nokuvuza komoya kuqala. Uma iqina, izama ukudubula, ikhiqiza intuthu emhlophe, futhi ithuthuka ngemva kwemijikelezo yokushisa ephindaphindwayo, thuthela ohlelweni lwe-glow plug kanye ne-relay. Uma iqala kodwa isebenza ngokungalingani futhi ibonakala ingenayo umoya ohlanzekile, hlola indlela yokungenisa kanye nesimo sesihlungi.
Le nkinga yokuqalisa ngokushisa okubandayo kanye ne-flash plug, indlela yokwazi ukuthi ungayibona kanjani, isiza ekunciphiseni ukuqagela. Esikhundleni sokushintsha izingxenye ngazinye, isebenzisa indlela yangempela yokuziphatha komshini ukuqondisa i-oda lokuhlola. Leyo ndlela isindisa isikhathi, yehlisa izindleko zokulungisa, futhi ithuthukisa ukunemba kokulungisa.
Ukulungisa inkinga yokuqala ngokushesha kubalulekile, kodwa ukuvimbela umonakalo wesikhathi esizayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukujikijela okude okuphindaphindiwe kubeka umthwalo owengeziwe ebhethri kanye nenjini yokuqalisa. Kuphinde kwandise ukuguguleka kwenjini ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ngaleso sizathu, ukulungiswa kwasebusika kufanele kuhlelwe ngaphambi kokuba kufike isimo sezulu esibandayo.
Isimiso esihle sasebusika kufanele sihlanganise ukuhlola isimo sebhethri, ukuhlanza ukuxhumeka kwekhebula, ukuhlola ama-glow plug kanye ne-relay, ukushintsha izihlungi zikaphethiloli ezindala, ukusebenzisa udizili wesizini ofanele, kanye nokugcina uhlelo lokungenisa umoya luhlanzekile. Lezi zinyathelo ezincane zithuthukisa kakhulu ukuthembeka kokuqala. Ziphinde zinciphise amathuba okulungiswa okuphuthumayo ngezikhathi zomsebenzi omatasa.
Izikhathi zasekuseni ezibandayo zivame ukwembula amaphuzu abuthakathaka ahlala efihliwe esimweni sezulu esifudumele. Uma i-loader yakho iba nzima ukuyiqala ngemva kobusuku obubandayo, phatha lokho njengolwazi oluwusizo. Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela eyinhloko izotholakala kwenye yezindawo ezintathu: ukulethwa kukaphethiloli, ukusebenza kwe-glow plug, noma ukuvinjelwa kokungenisa umoya. Uma lezi zinhlelo ezintathu zihlolwa ngokulandelana okucacile, izinkinga eziningi zokuqala kwe-compact loader cold zingatholakala ngokushesha futhi zilungiswe ngokunembe kakhudlwana.
I-compact loader ivame ukuba nenkinga yokuqala uma kubanda ngoba ukuphuma kwebhethri kuyehla, uwoyela wenjini uba mkhulu, uphethiloli wedizili awusasebenzi kalula, futhi uhlelo lwe-glow plug kufanele lusebenze kanzima. Uma uhlelo lwephethiloli, ama-glow plug, noma umoya ongenayo kakade unephutha elincane, amazinga okushisa abandayo azokwenza inkinga ibe yimbi kakhulu.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ukulethwa kabi kukaphethiloli, ukusebenza okubuthakathaka kwepulagi yokukhanya, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-cranking okuphansi. Ebusika, izihlungi zikaphethiloli ezivinjiwe, i-fuel gelling, umoya emgqeni kaphethiloli, kanye namaphutha okudlulisa amapulagi okukhanya kuphakathi kwezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuqala kanzima.
Uma injini iqina kakhulu kodwa ibonakala ingatholi uphethiloli owanele, hlola isihlungi sikaphethiloli, imigqa kaphethiloli, isimo sayo sokuqala, kanye nokufakwa kukaphethiloli okungenzeka kuqala. Uma injini iqina, ikhipha intuthu emhlophe, noma iqala kangcono ngemva kokushisa okuphindaphindiwe, ama-glow plug noma i-glow plug relay cishe iyona inkinga.
Yebo. Isihlungi sikaphethiloli esivaliwe singanciphisa ukuhamba kukaphethiloli futhi senze kube nzima ukuqala i-diesel compact loader, ikakhulukazi uma kubanda. Injini ingase iqhume ngendlela evamile kodwa yehluleke ukuqhuma, iqale isikhashana bese ima, noma isebenze ngokungalingani ngemva kokuqala.
Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukujikijela isikhathi eside, ukuqala okunzima, intuthu emhlophe, ukuqala kabi ekuseni okubandayo, kanye nokuqala kangcono ngemva kokushayela ukhiye izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukukhomba ekushiseni okubuthakathaka kunokwehluleka okukhulu kwenjini.
Qala ngokuhlola ukuthi amandla afinyelela yini kuma-glow plug ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokushisa kwangaphambili. Bese uhlola i-glow plug ngayinye ngokwendlela yomenzi wenjini. Uma i-plug eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ibuthakathaka, i-loader ingase iqhume isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi ilwe nokuqala ezimweni ezibandayo.
Yebo. Umoya ongaphakathi komugqa kaphethiloli ungabangela ukulethwa kabi kukaphethiloli, ukulahlekelwa yi-prime, kanye nokuqala okungazinzile. I-loader ingaqala bese ima, noma ingadinga ukujikijelwa okuphindaphindiwe ngaphambi kokuba isebenze kahle. Lokhu kuvamile ngemva kokushintsha isihlungi noma lapho kukhona ukuvuza okuncane emgqeni kaphethiloli.
Yebo. Isihlungi somoya esingcolile noma indlela yokungena evinjelwe inganciphisa ukuhamba komoya futhi yenze ukushisa okubandayo kungazinzile. Lokhu kungase kungabi njalo kubangela ukungaqali ngokuphelele, kodwa kungaholela ekuqhumeni isikhathi eside, ukuqala okunzima, intuthu, kanye nokusebenza kabi emizuzwini embalwa yokuqala ngemva kokuqala kwenjini.
Uma umshini wokulayisha wedizili ohlanganisiwe uqhuma kodwa ungaqali uma kubanda, izimbangela ezingaba khona kakhulu ukuhamba kahle kukaphethiloli, ama-lamp plug abuthakathaka, ukusebenza kwebhethri okuphansi ngaphansi komthwalo, noma ukuvinjelwa kokungenisa. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukuhlola uphethiloli, ama-lamp plug, kanye nokungenisa umoya ngokulandelana kunokushintsha izingxenye ngokungahleliwe.
Ukuze uvimbele umonakalo wokuqalisa ngokubandayo, gcina ibhethri lisesimweni esihle, shintsha izihlungi zikaphethiloli ezindala, sebenzisa idizili yasebusika efanele, hlola uhlelo lwe-glow plug ngaphambi kokuba kubanda, futhi ugcine umoya ungena uhlanzekile. Gwema ukubhoboza okuphindaphindwayo isikhathi eside, ngoba kwandisa ukuguguleka kwesiqalisi, ibhethri, kanye nenjini.
