Ukwandiswa kolwazi lomkhiqizo
Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Ulimi
Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Ukwazi ukuxuba ukhonkolo ku-mixer kubalulekile kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi omncane wokwakha. I-mixer ingasindisa abasebenzi, ithuthukise isivinini futhi yenze ukhonkolo ulingane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, umphumela wokugcina usancike ekutheni umqhubi ulawula kanjani izinto zokwakha, amanzi, isikhathi sokuxuba kanye nomthamo wokuxuba.
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuxuba ukhonkolo kumayelana nokufaka usimende, isihlabathi, itshe namanzi esigubhini. Empeleni, kungaphezu kwalokho. Uma isilinganiso sokuxuba ukhonkolo singalungile, ukhonkolo ungase ube buthakathaka. Uma isilinganiso samanzi nesimende siphezulu kakhulu, indawo engaphezulu ingaqhekeka noma ibe nothuli ngemva kokuqina. Uma umshini wokuxuba ugcwele kakhulu, izinto zingase zigingqike ngaphakathi kwesigubhu ngaphandle kokuxuba kahle.
Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuxuba ukhonkolo usebenzisa i-mixer ngendlela elula nesebenzayo. Uphinde uhlanganise umthamo wokuxuba ukhonkolo, i-rpm yokuxuba ukhonkolo, isikhathi sokuxuba, kanye nendlela yokukhetha phakathi kokuxuba ukhonkolo okuphathekayo, ukuxuba ukhonkolo kagesi kanye nokuxuba ukhonkolo wedizili.
Ukuxuba ukhonkolo ngomshini kunikeza umphumela olinganayo kakhulu kunokuxuba ngesandla ngoba isigubhu sigcina izinto zihamba. Njengoba isigubhu sijikeleza, ama-blade ayaphakamisa futhi agoqe ingxube ngokuphindaphindiwe. Lokhu kunyakaza kusiza i-simende ukumboza isihlabathi futhi kuhlangane ngokulinganayo.
Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi uma umsebenzi udinga amaqoqo amaningana. Isibonelo, lapho kuthululwa indlela yokungena, indlela, i-slab encane noma isisekelo, iqoqo ngalinye kufanele libukeke futhi liziphathe ngendlela efanayo. Uma iqoqo elilodwa limanzi kakhulu futhi iqoqo elilandelayo lomile kakhulu, indawo eqediwe ingaba nemibala ehlukene, izindawo ezibuthakathaka noma amandla angalingani.
Umshini wokuxuba ukhonkolo uphinde usize abasebenzi ukuthi bagcine ijubane elingcono endaweni. Esikhundleni sokuxuba ngesandla phansi, umqhubi angalungisa inqwaba elawulwayo ngokulandelana. Lokhu kwenza umsebenzi uhlanzeke, usheshe futhi kube lula ukuwuphatha. Noma kunjalo, umshini wokuxuba umane nje uyithuluzi. Ukhonkolo omuhle usavela ngesilinganiso esifanele, isikhathi esanele sokuxuba kanye nokulawulwa kwamanzi ngokucophelela.
Isilinganiso sokuxuba ukhonkolo siyisisekelo somsebenzi wonke. Isilinganiso esivamile somsebenzi wokwakha omncane ojwayelekile yingxenye eyodwa yesamente, izingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye ezintathu ezihlanganisiwe ngevolumu. Lolu hlobo lwengxube luvame ukusetshenziselwa izindlela, ama-slab amancane, izisekelo zeposi kanye nomsebenzi wokwakha olula.
Ukuze uthole isilinganiso sokuhlanganiswa kwekhonkrithi kumaphrojekthi okungena emgwaqweni , isidingo sivame ukuba phezulu. Indawo yokungena emgwaqweni kumele isekele isisindo semoto, ngakho-ke ikhonkrithi idinga amandla amahle, ukujiya okufanele kanye nokuqedwa okufanele. Ingxube eqondile kufanele incike emthwalweni wethrafikhi, umkhuba wokwakha wendawo kanye nokuthi kusetshenziswa insimbi noma ukuqinisa.
Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ukuhambisana. Njalo kala izinto ngebhakede elifanayo, ibhokisi noma isitsha. Ungathembeli kuphela emithwalweni yefosholo engahleliwe. Ifosholo elilodwa lesihlabathi esimanzi lingasinda kakhulu kunefosholo elilodwa lesihlabathi esomile. Uma ibhetshi ngalinye lilinganiswa ngendlela ehlukile, ikhwalithi yekhonkrithi nayo izoshintsha kusukela kubhetshi kuya kubhetshi.
Umqhubi omuhle akaqageli kakhulu. Umqhubi ugcina indlela efanayo yokulinganisa, ulandela uhlelo olufanayo lokulayisha futhi uhlola ingxube ngaphambi kokuthulula. Lokhu kwenza ukhonkolo wokugcina ube lula ukuwubikezela.
Isilinganiso samanzi nesamente sinomthelela omkhulu emandleni ekhonkrithi. Amanzi ayadingeka ukuze kusebenze i-samente futhi kwenziwe ingxube isebenze. Kodwa amanzi amaningi kakhulu adala izikhala ezengeziwe ngemva kokuphola. Lezi zikhala zingenza i-samente ibe buthakathaka, ithambe futhi kube lula ukuyiqhekeza.
Indlela engcono kakhulu ukufaka amanzi kancane kancane. Okokuqala, engeza ingxenye yamanzi alinganisiwe esigubhini. Bese ufaka i-aggregate, isihlabathi kanye nesamente ngenkathi i-mixer isebenza. Uma izinto ezomile seziqala ukuhlangana, engeza amanzi asele kancane kancane.
Ingxube kufanele isebenze, ingabi namanzi. Uma ukhonkolo ugeleza njengesobho elincane, kuba namanzi amaningi kakhulu. Uma uqhekeka futhi ungambozi kahle itshe, lome kakhulu. Ingxube enhle kakhonkolo kufanele ibambe ndawonye efosholweni, ibukeke ifana ngombala futhi inyakaze njengomzimba owodwa lapho ikhishwa.
Lokhu kuhlola okulula kuwusizo kakhulu endaweni. Kusiza opharetha ukuthi anqume ukuthi ingxube isilungile noma isadinga ukulungiswa okuncane. Ukwengeza amanzi kancane kancane kunikeza ukulawula okwengeziwe futhi kunciphisa amathuba okonakalisa inqwaba.
Ngaphambi kokuqala, beka umshini wokuxuba endaweni eqinile neqondile. Lokhu kugcina umshini uzinzile ngesikhathi sokulayisha nokukhipha. Bese uhlola ukuthi isigubhu sihlanzekile futhi asinakhonkolo endala eqinile. Ikhonkolo endala ngaphakathi kwesigubhu inganciphisa ikhwalithi yokuxuba futhi yenze inqwaba ingalingani.
Qala umshini wokuxuba ngaphambi kokufaka izinto zokwakha. Faka ingxenye yamanzi kuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho, engeza i-aggregate, bese kuba isihlabathi, bese kuba usimende. Abasebenzi abaningi bafaka i-aggregate kusenesikhathi ngoba kusiza ekunciphiseni ukunamathela kwesimende ngaphakathi kwesigubhu. Uma izinto ezibalulekile sezingaphakathi, vumela isigubhu siphenduke kuze kube yilapho umbala uqala ukubukeka ulingana.
Okulandelayo, lungisa amanzi kancane. Ungafaki ibhakede eligcwele ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokuthi ibhetshi liyakudinga ngokucacile. Ukulungiswa okuncane kuphephile. Ngemva kokuba ingxube isilingana, yivumele iqhubeke nokuxuba kuze kube yilapho kungekho zindawo ezomile, kungekho usimende okhululekile futhi kungekho matshe angaxubile.
Uma ukhonkolo usulungile, wukhiphe eduze kwendawo yokusebenza. Zama ukungalibazisi ukubekwa isikhathi eside kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kushisa. Ukhonkolo ungaqala ukuqina uma uhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ngemva kokuxuba. Isigqi sokusebenza esizinzile sinikeza imiphumela engcono kunokusheshisa ibhetshi elilodwa bese ulinda isikhathi eside kakhulu kwelandelayo.
Abasebenzisi abaningi bayabuza, isikhathi esingakanani ukuxuba ukhonkolo ku-mixer ? Kwabaningi abaxuba izigubhu ezincane, isikhathi esivamile sokuxuba singu -3 kuya ku-5 imizuzu ngemva kokuba zonke izinto sezilayishiwe . Lokhu kwanele emisebenzini eminingi yokwakha emincane uma usayizi webhetshi ulungile.
Kodwa-ke, isikhathi akuyona yodwa indinganiso. Umsebenzisi kufanele futhi abheke ingxube. Ikhonkrithi kufanele ibe nombala owodwa, ukuthungwa okukodwa futhi ingabi namaqhubu omile. Uma impuphu yekhonkrithi isabonakala, inqwaba idinga ukuxuba okwengeziwe. Uma ingxube isivele iqinile, kungenzeka ukuthi ihlale isikhathi eside kakhulu esigubhini.
Ukuxuba okufushane kakhulu kungashiya izindawo ezibuthakathaka kukhonkolo. Ukuxuba isikhathi eside kakhulu nakho akulungile, ngoba ikhonkolo ingalahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle ngaphambi kokuba ibekwe. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu uvela esikhathini sokuxuba esilinganiselayo kanye nokubekwa okusheshayo ngemva kokukhipha.
Kumaqoqo aphindaphindwayo, gcina inqubo efanayo. Sebenzisa ukuhleleka kwezinto ezifanayo, isikhathi esifanayo sokuxuba kanye nokulawula amanzi okufanayo. Lokhu kwenza ibhetshi ngayinye ibe lula ukuyiqeda futhi kunciphisa izinkinga zekhwalithi.
Umthamo wokuxuba ukhonkolo uvame ukungaqondwa kahle. Umthamo wesigubhu ophelele awufani nomthamo wokuxuba wangempela. Umshini wokuxuba udinga isikhala esingenalutho ngaphakathi kwesigubhu ukuze ukhonkolo ukwazi ukugoba nokugoqa. Uma isigubhu sigcwele kakhulu, izinto azikwazi ukuhamba kahle.
Ukulayisha ngokweqile i-mixer kungabonakala kusebenza kahle, kodwa ngokuvamile kubangela izinkinga. Injini noma injini isebenza kanzima. Ingxube ithatha isikhathi eside ukuze ilingane. Ezinye izinto ezomile zingase zihlale eduze kwe-drum. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-mixer ingase ingazinzile ngesikhathi sokukhipha.
Emisebenzini yokulungisa emincane, umshini wokuxuba ukhonkolo ophathwayo kulula ukuwuhambisa nokuwuhlanza. Ufanelekela umsebenzi wasegadini, izindlela, ama-slab amancane kanye nokwakhiwa okulula. Ezingxenyeni zokungena noma imisebenzi yesayithi elikhulu, umshini wokuxuba omkhulu unganciphisa inani lama-batch. Kodwa umqhubi usadinga ukulawula usayizi we-batch ngayinye ngokucophelela.
Umthetho omuhle ulula: ungagcwalisi isigubhu kuze kufike esikhaleni saso esiphezulu. Shiya isikhala esanele sokunyakaza kwangempela kokuxuba. Ibhetshi elincane kancane kodwa elixutshwe kahle lingcono kunebhetshi elikhulu elinokuqina okuncane.
I-rpm yokuxuba ikhonkrithi ithinta indlela izinto ezihamba ngayo ngaphakathi kwesigubhu. Uma isigubhu siphenduka kancane kakhulu, ikhonkrithi ingase ingagoqeki ngokwanele. Uma iphenduka ngokushesha kakhulu, izinto zinganamathela odongeni lwesigubhu noma zihlukane esikhundleni sokuxuba kahle.
Iningi lama-mixer laklanywa ngesivinini sokusebenza esifanele. Ukuze kusetshenziswe indawo evamile, umqhubi akufanele ashintshe i-pulley, ibhande noma isivinini senjini ngaphandle kweseluleko sobuchwepheshe. Ukushintsha i-rpm kungase kubonakale kuyindlela esheshayo yokwandisa umkhiqizo, kodwa kunganciphisa ikhwalithi yokuxuba futhi kulimaze umshini.
I-engeli yesigubhu nayo ibalulekile. I-engeli yesigubhu ejulile kakhulu ingabamba izinto eziningi, kodwa inganciphisa isenzo sokuwa. I-engeli engcono ivumela ukhonkolo ukuthi ugingqike, uphakamise futhi ugoqeke kahle. Lapho ijubane lesigubhu kanye ne-engeli yesigubhu zisebenza ndawonye, ingxube iba lula futhi ilingane.
Imisebenzi ehlukene idinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxuba. I -concrete mixer ephathekayo iyisinqumo esihle sezindawo ezincane, umsebenzi wokulungisa, ukuhlobisa ingadi, izindlela zengadi kanye nemisebenzi ye-concrete elula. Kulula ukuyihambisa, kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ayidingi isikhala esiningi.
I- compound yekhonkrithi kagesi ifanelekela amakhaya, ama-workshop, izindawo zangaphakathi kanye nezindawo ezisebenzisa ugesi ozinzile. Ihlanzekile, ithule futhi kulula ukuyiqala. Iwusizo futhi lapho igesi yokukhipha umoya ingamukeleki khona. Kodwa-ke, ugesi kumele uhambisane nesidingo senjini, futhi ikhebula kufanele liphephe ukusetshenziswa endaweni.
I -diesel concrete mixer ingcono kumaphrojekthi angaphandle, umsebenzi womgwaqo, amapulazi kanye nezindawo zokwakha ezikude. Ayixhomekile kugesi, ngakho-ke iyasebenza lapho amandla engazinzile noma engatholakali. I-diesel mixer ivame ukusetshenziselwa izimo ezinzima zendawo, kodwa idinga uphethiloli, umoya kanye nokugcinwa njalo kwenjini.
Ukukhetha okungcono kuncike endaweni yokusebenza. Uma indawo inamandla athembekile nomsebenzi olula, amandla kagesi avame ukwanele. Uma indawo ikude futhi umthwalo womsebenzi unzima, amandla kadizili avame ukuba wusizo kakhulu.
Iphutha lokuqala elivamile ukufaka amanzi amaningi kakhulu. Kulula ukuthulula ukhonkolo olumanzi, kodwa lungase lube buthaka ngemva kokuqina. Ukhonkolo oluhle kufanele lusebenzeke, lungabi namanzi.
Iphutha lesibili ukulayisha ngokweqile isigubhu. Umshini wokuxuba udinga isikhala sokuxuba. Uma isigubhu sigcwele kakhulu, izinto azikwazi ukuhamba kahle, futhi umphumela ungase ungalingani.
Iphutha lesithathu ukunganaki ukuhlanza. Ukhonkolo oshiywe ngaphakathi kwesigubhu uzoqina futhi uthinte ibhetshi elandelayo. Kunganciphisa futhi amandla angempela omshini wokuxuba. Ukuhlanza isigubhu, ama-blade kanye nendawo yokukhipha amanzi ngemva kokusebenzisa kugcina umshini usesimweni esingcono.
Elinye iphutha ukuhlela okubi. Uma umqhubi exuba kancane kakhulu, ibhetshi yokuqala ingase iqale ukusetha ngaphambi kokuba ibhetshi elandelayo ilungele. Uma umqhubi exuba ngokushesha kakhulu ngaphandle kokuhlola ikhwalithi, ukhonkolo ungase ungalingani. Isigqi esizinzile sihlala singcono.
Ukuxuba ukhonkolo usebenzisa i-mixer akunzima, kodwa kudinga ukulawulwa. Umsebenzisi udinga isilinganiso esifanele sokuxuba ukhonkolo, isilinganiso esicophelelayo samanzi nokhonkolo, umthamo ofanele wokuxuba ukhonkolo, isikhathi esifanele sokuxuba kanye nokusebenza komshini okuzinzile.
I-concrete mixer ephathekayo iwusizo emisebenzini emincane nehambayo. I-concrete mixer kagesi ihlanzekile futhi ilula lapho kutholakala khona ugesi. I-concrete mixer kadizili ingcono emsebenzini wangaphandle okude noma osindayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusetshenziswa luphi uhlobo, umgomo uyafana: ukukhiqiza i-concrete elinganayo, esebenzayo futhi enamandla ngokwanele yomsebenzi.
Uma izinto zokwakha, umxubi kanye nomsebenzisi besebenzisana, ikhwalithi yekhonkrithi iba lula kakhulu ukuyilawula. Lelo yinani langempela lokuxuba ikhonkrithi ngomshini endaweni yokwakha.
Ikhonkrithi ivame ukuxutshwa cishe imizuzu emi-3 kuya kwemi-5 ngemva kokuba zonke izinto sezilayishiwe . Ingxube kufanele ibukeke ilingana ngombala nangokuthungwa ngaphambi kokukhipha.
Isilinganiso esivamile sokuxuba ukhonkolo yingxenye eyodwa yesimende, izingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye ezintathu ezihlanganisiwe ngobuningi. Ukhonkolo womgwaqo ungase udinge ingxube eqinile kuye ngomthwalo kanye nomklamo weslabhu.
Isilinganiso samanzi nesamente sithinta amandla nokuqina. Amanzi amaningi kakhulu enza kube lula ukuthulula ukhonkolo, kodwa kunganciphisa amandla ngemva kokuqina.
Yebo, umxube wekhonkrithi ophathekayo ungasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezincane zokungena. Ema-driveway amakhulu, umqhubi kufanele ahlele isikhathi seqoqo ngokucophelela ukuze agweme amalunga abuthakathaka.
I-compressor yekhonkrithi kagesi ingcono ezindaweni ezihlanzekile, ezincane nezisekelwa ugesi. I-compressor yekhonkrithi yedizili ingcono ezindaweni ezikude lapho ugesi ungathembekile khona.
