Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Ulimi
Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Cabanga ngalokhu: usanda kuqeda ukugcwalisa umsele, indawo ibukeka iqinile, abasebenzi bayajabula, futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu - umgodi ongaphansi komhlaba. Akekho ofuna leyo ngxoxo neklayenti. Ngokuvamile, imbangela akuyona into yokugcwalisa noma umzamo wezisebenzi. Umshini ongafanele umsebenzi. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-rammer ne-compactor kungase kubonakale njengemininingwane emincane, kodwa endaweni yokwakha, imininingwane emincane inendlela yokuba yizifundo ezibiza kakhulu. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlukanisa umehluko wangempela ukuze ukwazi ukwenza ucingo olufanele ngaphambi kokuba ukhonkolo uthelwe - hhayi ngemva kwalokho.
Uma ubheka kuqala, i-rammer kanye ne-plate compactor kubonakala sengathi zidlala umdlalo ofanayo: zombili zicindezela inhlabathi, zombili zisebenzisa uphethiloli noma udizili, futhi zombili ziyadlidliza ngokwanele ukuze ziqhumise izingcezu zakho. Kodwa indlela ezicindezela ngayo inhlabathi ihlukile kakhulu, futhi lowo mehluko uyindaba yonke.
I- tamping rammer — evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-jumping jack, okungenzeka ukuthi iyisidlaliso esihle kakhulu emishinini yokwakha — isebenza ngokushaya phansi ngokuphindaphindiwe. Umshini wesipilingi wethula umshini phezulu bese uwubuyisela phansi epuletini elincane eliphakathi kwamagalelo angu-500 no-750 ngomzuzu. Cabanga ngawo njengomshayeli wezinqwaba ongapheli, ongakhathali ofanelana nomsele. Lowo mthelela oqinile, onamandla aphezulu yiwona kanye ohlukanisa izinhlayiya zomhlabathi eziboshwe ngokuqinile futhi ukhiphe umoya namanzi avalelekile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i -plate compactor iyadlidliza kunokuba idlidlize. Isisindo esijikelezayo sangaphakathi sidala ukunyakaza okudlula epuletini lensimbi elibanzi eliyisicaba lingene enhlabathini engaphansi. Lokho kudlidliza kubangela ukuthi izinhlayiya zomhlabathi zilahlekelwe ukubambana kwazo okwesikhashana, okuzivumela ukuthi zishintshe futhi zivaleleke zibe yindawo eqinile. Imboza umhlabathi ngokushesha nangokulinganayo - okuyinto enhle ezindaweni ezinkulu ezivulekile, futhi engeyinhle kangako uma usebenza emseleni obanzi ngamamitha amabili.
Nansi ingxenye efinyezwa yiziqondisi eziningi: uhlobo lwenhlabathi akuyona nje into eyodwa phakathi kweziningi. Yiyona nto enqumayo. Ukwenza lokhu kabi akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle - kungenza ukuminyana kube kubi kakhulu.
Izinhlayiya zobumba nodaka ziyahlangana ngokusebenzisa amakhemikhali angaphezulu, hhayi ukungqubuzana. Zinenkani, zibamba umswakama, futhi aziphenduli kahle ekudlidlizeni — yingakho ukuthumela i-plate compactor emseleni ogcwele ubumba kuyimpi ehlulekayo. Okudingwa yinhlabathi ehlangene ukuthinteka okuqondile, okuphindaphindwayo ukuze kuhlukaniswe ngokomzimba ukubopha kwezinhlayiya futhi kukhishwe izikhala zomoya. Leyo incazelo yomsebenzi we-rammer.
Kukhona isici somswakama lapha esivame ukunganakwa. Ubumba luhlangana kahle kakhulu ngokuqukethwe komswakama okuhle kakhulu - cishe amaphesenti ayi-13 kuya kwayi-15 enhlabathini eningi egcwele ubumba. Kulelo banga lomswakama, i-rammer ingafinyelela ukujula kokuqina okungu-8 kuya kwayi-12 amayintshi ngokuphakamisa ngakunye. Uma imanzi kakhulu, inhlabathi iba yipulasitiki futhi ngeke ibambe ubuningi. Yomile kakhulu, futhi izinhlayiya ziyamelana nokuqina ngokuphelele. Ukuthola isivivinyo se-Proctor esisheshayo ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi uqale kusindisa isikhathi esiningi kakhulu kunezindleko.
Isihlabathi, amatshe ayigugu, kanye ne-aggregate echotshoziwe kusebenza ekungqubuzaneni phakathi kwezinhlayiya. Lapho ukudlidliza kushaya lezi zinto, kunqoba okwesikhashana lokho kungqubuzana futhi kuvumela izinhlayiya ukuthi zizihlele kabusha zibe ukwakheka okuqinile kakhulu — njengokushukumisa imbiza yamatshe aze ahlale. I-plate compactor esebenza ku-75 kuya ku-100 Hz yenza lokhu endaweni ebanzi, njalo nangokushesha.
Kwenzekani uma usebenzisa i-rammer enhlabathini ehlanganisiwe? Unyawo oluncane luyashaya phansi bese lususa izinto ngaphandle kunokuba lucindezele phansi. Ugcina unomgodi ozungezwe inhlabathi ekhululekile ebukeka icinene ebusweni kodwa akunjalo neze. Ingenye yalezo ziphutha zasensimini okunzima ukuzibona futhi okulula ukuzisola ngazo.
| Isici | I-Tamping Rammer | I-Plate Compactor |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela ehlangana ngayo | Ukushaya kwe-Percussive (500–750 BPM) | Ukudlidliza (75–100 Hz) |
| Uhlobo lwenhlabathi olungcono kakhulu | Ubumba oluhlangene — ubumba nodaka | Isihlabathi esicwebezelayo — isihlabathi, itshe eliqoshiwe, itshe elichotshoziwe |
| Ukujula okuphezulu kokuphakamisa | Amasentimitha angu-8–12 ngephasi ngalinye | Amasentimitha angu-6–8 ajwayelekile; kufika ku-intshi angu-12. kumamodeli aguqulwayo |
| Isivinini sokumbozwa | Kuhamba kancane — kungcono kakhulu ezindaweni ezivalekile | 3–4× ngokushesha ezindaweni ezivulekile ezisicaba |
| Isisindo esijwayelekile | 130–200 lbs | 150–700 lbs kuye ngohlobo |
Elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu emisebenzini yokucindezela ukuzama ukucindezela izinto eziningi kakhulu ngokudlula kanye. Kuyaqondakala — ukuphakamisa okuncane kusho isikhathi esincane. Kodwa i-physics ayixoxisani. I-plate compactor ingashayela amandla ayo okudlidliza ajule kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba iphelelwe umusi. Cindezela ngale kwalokho kujula, bese uthola uqweqwe oluqinile phezulu luhlezi phezu kwezinto ezicindezelwe kancane ngaphansi. Leso sixhumanisi siba yindiza yokwehluleka ngesikhathi noma yimuphi umthwalo usetshenziswa.
Kumshini ojwayelekile wokugcwalisa ipuleti, umkhawulo osebenzayo ungamasentimitha angu-6 kuya kwangu-8 wezinto ezikhululekile ngokuphakamisa ngakunye. Ama-compactor epuleti aguqukayo anamandla aphezulu e-centrifugal angasunduza lokho kube ngamasentimitha angu-10 kuya kwangu-12 ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe kahle. I-rammer, ngenxa yokuthi amandla ayo okuthinta ahamba ngokuqondile nangamandla amakhulu endaweni ngayinye, iphatha ama-lifti afinyelela ku-10 kuya kwangu-12 ngokugcwaliswa okuhlangene - okuyinzuzo ebalulekile ekugcwaliseni okujulile kwemisele, lapho umjikelezo ngamunye wokuphakamisa ogciniwe unciphisa isikhathi sangempela somsebenzi.
Esinye isicupho esivamile ukwahlulela ukuminyana ngokubukeka. Ubuso obubushelelezi, obubukeka buqinile bukutshela okuncane kakhulu ngalokho okwenzekayo phansi ngamasentimitha angu-1. Ukuqhuba i-nuclear density gauge noma ukuhlolwa kwe-sand cone ekujuleni yisona kuphela isiqinisekiso esithembekile - futhi kufanelekile ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi lapho ukuxazulula kungaba yinkinga.
Ake siqonde ngqo ngalokhu, ngoba kungathi sína kakhulu kunalokho okushiwo yiziqondiso eziningi. Ukusebenzisa i-plate compactor ekugcwaliseni imisele enzima njengobumba kungenye yezimbangela ezivame ukubonakala kakhulu zokuhlukaniswa komehluko ngemuva kokwakhiwa. Ukudlidliza kuhlanganisa noma yikuphi okukhona okuhlanganisiwe engxubeni kodwa kushiya amaphakethe ahlangene eboshwe kancane ngaphansi. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva, ubuso bomgwaqo buyawa, ipayipi lesevisi liyashintsha, bese kufika ibhili lokulungisa kanye nokukhungatheka kweklayenti.
Inkinga ephambene — ukusebenzisa i-rammer esisekelweni esingaphansi esihlanganisiwe ukuze kugaywe amabhlogo noma indlela yokungena — kudala ukungalingani kobubanzi be-slab. Amanye amabala aqina kahle lapho unyawo lushaya khona ngqo; izindawo eziphakathi kwama-pass aziqini. Uma ukulayisha kwethrafikhi kuqala, kulandela ukuhlaliswa kwamaphuzu kanye namajoyinti aqhekekile. Luhlobo lokwehluleka okulula ukusola ngekhwalithi yezinto zokwakha kuyilapho imbangela yangempela yayiwukukhethwa kwemishini.
Kukhona ne-engeli yokuguguleka komshini okufanele ikhulunywe. Ukusebenzisa i-rammer ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe kusheshisa ukuguguleka kwepuleti lezinyawo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwentwasahlobo, ngoba umshini ulwa nokuguguleka kwezinto kunokuba ulwe nokumelana nokuminyana. Ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elingalungile akugcini nje ngokukhiqiza imiphumela emibi - kunciphisa impilo yemishini ngokushesha kunalokho inkampani eqashisayo ezokujabulela.
Uhlaka lwesinqumo lulula kunalokho olungabonakala. Uma usebenza emseleni, eduze kwesisekelo, noma kunoma iyiphi indawo evalekile enokuhlanganiswa noma ukugcwaliswa okuxubile - i-rammer iyimishini yakho. Iphrofayili yayo emincane, amandla okushaya okuphezulu, kanye nokungena okujulile kwenza kube ukuphela kwesinqumo esisebenzayo kulezi zimo. Uma ulungiselela isisekelo esivulekile somgwaqo, indawo yokupaka, i-patio, noma i-driveway usebenzisa izinto eziyisisekelo ezihlanganisiwe, i-plate compactor iyashesha, ihambisana kakhudlwana, futhi ifaneleka kangcono ukuziphatha kwezinto ngaphansi kokudlidliza.
Abakhi abaningi abanolwazi bagcina yomibili imishini eduze, ngoba izindawo eziningi zinezimo zombili. Lokho akukhona ukuphindaphinda - lokho kuyalungiswa. I-rammer kanye ne-plate compactor ndawonye zimboza cishe zonke izimo zokucindezela ozohlangana nazo ekunikezeni inkontileka, futhi izindleko ezihlanganisiwe ziphansi kakhulu kunezindleko zomsebenzi owodwa wokucindezela ohlulekile.
Impikiswano phakathi kwe-rammer ne-compactor ayimayelana nokuthi yimuphi umshini ongcono. Imayelana nokuqonda ukuthi ukucindezela kuyinkinga yesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi imishini efanele yinoma yini ehambisana ne-physics yenhlabathi endaweni yakho ethile. Yenza lokho kube yiqiniso, futhi konke okwakhiwe phezu kwayo kunethuba lokulwa.
Icebiso elisheshayo: hlala ubheka idatha yokuhlanganiswa kwe-Proctor yombiko wakho we-geotechnical kanye nokujula kokuphakanyiswa okunconywe ngumkhiqizi komshini othize owusebenzisayo. Lezo zinombolo ezimbili zizovimbela ukwehluleka okuningi kokuhlanganiswa ngaphambi kokuba kuqale.
