Khawucinge ngale nto: usandul’ ukugqiba ukuzalisa umsele, umphezulu ubonakala uqinile, abasebenzi bonwabile, kwaye emva kweenyanga ezintathu - umngxuma ongaphantsi komhlaba. Akukho mntu ufuna loo ncoko nomthengi. Rhoqo, ingxaki ayikokuzalisa okanye umzamo weqela. Ngumatshini ongafanelekanga kulo msebenzi. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-rammer kunye ne-compactor kunokubonakala ngathi yinto encinci, kodwa kwindawo yokwakha, iinkcukacha ezincinci zinendlela yokuba zizifundo ezibiza kakhulu. Esi sikhokelo sichaza umahluko wokwenyani ukuze ukwazi ukwenza ubizo olufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba ikhonkrithi igalelwe - hayi emva koko.
Xa ujonga kuqala, i-rammer kunye ne-plate compactor zibonakala ngathi zidlala umdlalo omnye: zombini zicinezela umhlaba, zombini zisebenzisa ipetroli okanye idizili, kwaye zombini zingcangcazela ngokwaneleyo ukuba zikhuphe izamba zakho. Kodwa indlela eziqingqa ngayo umhlaba yahlukile ngokupheleleyo, kwaye loo mahluko lilonke ibali.
I- tamping rammer — edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-jumping jack, mhlawumbi elona gama libalaseleyo kwizixhobo zokwakha — isebenza ngokubethelela umhlaba ngokuphindaphindiweyo. I-spring mechanism ivula umatshini phezulu ize iwubuyisele ezantsi kwi-baseplate emxinwa naphi na phakathi kwama-500 nama-750 ngomzuzu. Cinga ngayo njengomqhubi weenqwaba ongapheliyo, ongadinwayo ongena emseleni. Loo mpembelelo iqinileyo, enamandla aphezulu yiyo kanye eqhekeza amasuntswana omhlaba aqinileyo kwaye ikhuphe umoya namanzi avalelekileyo.
Kwelinye icala, isixhobo esidibanisa iipleyiti siyangcangcazela endaweni yeekhilogram. Ubunzima obujikelezayo bangaphakathi buvelisa ukushukuma okuhamba ngepleyiti yentsimbi ebanzi esicaba ukuya emhlabeni ongaphantsi. Ezo ngcangcazelo zibangela ukuba amasuntswana omhlaba aphulukane nokubambana kwawo okomzuzwana, nto leyo ewavumela ukuba atshintshe aze avaleleke kwindawo eqinileyo. Igubungela umhlaba ngokukhawuleza nangokulinganayo - nto leyo ilungele iindawo ezinkulu ezivulekileyo, kwaye ayilunganga kangako xa usebenza kumsele onobubanzi obuziimitha ezimbini.
Nantsi inxalenye ekhankanywa ziincwadi ezininzi: uhlobo lomhlaba aluyonto inye kuphela phakathi kwezinye. Yinto ebangela isigqibo. Ukungalungi oku akunciphisi nje ukusebenza kakuhle - kunokwenza ukuxinana kube mandundu.
Amasuntswana odongwe nodaka ayadibana ngekhemikhali yomphezulu, hayi ngokungqubana. Anenkani, agcina umswakama, kwaye awasabeli kakuhle ekungcangcazeleni - yiyo loo nto ukuthumela i-plate compactor kumsele ozaliswe ludongwe kuyimfazwe yokulahlekelwa. Okufunekayo kumhlaba odibeneyo kukuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo, okuphindaphindiweyo ukuze kuqhekeke ngokwasemzimbeni ukuxhuzula amasuntswana okubopha kwaye kutsale umoya ongenanto. Yiyo loo nto inkcazo yomsebenzi we-rammer.
Kukho umlinganiselo wokufuma apha odla ngokungananzwa. Ubumba oluhlanganisiweyo lungcono kakhulu kumxholo wokufuma ofanelekileyo - malunga ne-13 ukuya kwi-15 ekhulwini kumhlaba omninzi ogcwele udongwe. Kuloo luhlu lokufuma, i-rammer inokufikelela kubunzulu bokuxinana obuyi-8 ukuya kwi-12 intshi ngokuphakanyiswa. Imanzi kakhulu, kwaye umhlaba uba yiplastiki kwaye awuyi kugcina uxinano. Womile kakhulu, kwaye amasuntswana ayamelana nokuxinana ngokupheleleyo. Ukwenza uvavanyo lweProctor olukhawulezileyo ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi uqale konga ixesha elininzi kakhulu kuneendleko.
Isanti, igrabile, kunye ne-aggregate etyumkileyo zisebenza ekungqubaneni phakathi kwamasuntswana. Xa ukungcangcazela kubetha ezi zinto, kuyawoyisa okwethutyana loo ngqubano kwaye kuvumela amasuntswana ukuba azihlelele ngokutsha abe yinxalenye eqinileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka - njengokushukumisa ibhotile yamatshe amatye ade ahlale. I-plate compactor esebenza kwi-75 ukuya kwi-100 Hz yenza oku kwindawo ebanzi, rhoqo nangokukhawuleza.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba usebenzisa i-rammer kumhlaba oneengqukuva? Unyawo olumxinwa luyawa phantsi luze lususe izinto ngaphandle endaweni yokuzicinezela ezantsi. Ugqibela unomngxuma ojikelezwe ngumhlaba okhululekileyo obonakala uxinene phezu komhlaba kodwa akunjalo. Yenye yeempazamo zasentsimini ekunzima ukuzibona kwaye kulula ukuzisola ngazo.
| I-Factor | Umatshini wokuTamping | I-Plate Compactor |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela eqina ngayo | Impembelelo yePercussive (500–750 BPM) | Ukungcangcazela (75–100 Hz) |
| Uhlobo lomhlaba olungcono | Ubumbano — udongwe kunye nentlaka | Isanti engqukuva — isanti, ilitye eliqhekekileyo, ilitye elityumkileyo |
| Ubunzulu bokuphakamisa obukhulu | Ii-intshi ezi-8–12 ngepasi nganye | Iisentimitha ezi-6–8 eziqhelekileyo; ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12 intshi. kwiimodeli eziguqulwayo |
| Isantya sokugubungela | Icothayo — ilungele iindawo ezixineneyo | 3–4× ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezivulekileyo ezithe tyaba |
| Ubunzima obuqhelekileyo | 130–200 lbs | 150–700 lbs kuxhomekeke kwimodeli |
Enye yezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo kwimisebenzi yokuxinana kuzama ukucinezela izinto ezininzi kakhulu ngexesha elinye. Kuyaqondakala — ukuliphakamisa okuncinci kuthetha ixesha elincinci. Kodwa ifiziksi ayixoxisani. I-plate compactor inokuqhuba amandla ayo okungcangcazela nzulu kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba iphelelwe ngumphunga. Dlulisa ngaphaya kobo bunzulu, kwaye ufumana uqweqwe oluxineneyo phezulu luhleli phezu kwezinto ezixineneyo ngaphantsi. Loo interface iba yiplani yokusilela xa nawuphi na umthwalo ufakwa.
Kwi-compactor yeplate eqhelekileyo, umda osebenzayo yi-intshi ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 zezinto ezikhululekileyo ngokuphakamisa ngakunye. Ii-compactor zeplate eziguqukayo ezinamandla aphezulu e-centrifugal zinokutyhala loo nto ukuya kuthi ga kwi-intshi ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12 kwizinto ezicociweyo kakuhle. I-rammer, kuba amandla ayo okuchaphazela ahamba ngokuthe nkqo kwaye enamandla amakhulu kwindawo nganye, iphatha ukuphakanyiswa okufika kwi-intshi ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12 ngokuzaliswa okudibeneyo - nto leyo eyinzuzo ebalulekileyo ekuzaliseni imisele enzulu, apho umjikelo ngamnye wokuphakanyiswa ogciniweyo unciphisa ixesha lokusebenza lokwenyani.
Esinye isibatha esiqhelekileyo kukugweba ukuxinana ngokwembonakalo. Umphezulu ogudileyo noqinileyo awukuxeleli nto ingako malunga nento eyenzekayo kwii-intshi ezi-6 ukuya ezantsi. Ukuqhuba i-nuclear density gauge okanye uvavanyo lwesanti cone kubunzulu yeyona nto iqinisekileyo kuphela - kwaye kufanelekile ukuyenza kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi apho ukusombulula ingxaki kuya kuba yingxaki.
Masithethe ngqo ngale nto, kuba inzulu ngakumbi kunokuba uninzi lwezikhokelo zisitsho. Ukusebenzisa i-plate compactor kwi-tranch backfill enodaka yenye yezona zinto zibonwa rhoqo zokuhlaliswa komahluko emva kokwakhiwa. Ukungcangcazela kudibanisa nayiphi na into exutyiweyo exutyiweyo kodwa kushiya iipokotho ezidibeneyo zibotshelelwe ngaphantsi. Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, umphezulu wendlela uyawa, umbhobho wenkonzo uyatshintsha, kwaye ityala lokulungisa lifika kunye nokukhungatheka komthengi.
Ingxaki echaseneyo — ukusebenzisa i-rammer kwisiseko esincinci se-granular ukwenza i-block paving okanye i-driveway — kuvelisa uxinano olungalinganiyo kwi-slab. Amanye amabala aqina kakuhle apho unyawo lubetha khona ngqo; iindawo eziphakathi kwamapasi aziqinanga. Nje ukuba umthwalo wezithuthi uqale, kulandela ukuhlaliswa kwamanqaku kunye namalungu aqhekekileyo. Luhlobo lokusilela okulula ukulugxeka kumgangatho wezinto xa unobangela wokwenyani yayikukukhethwa kwezixhobo.
Kukwakho ne-engile yokuguguleka komatshini ekufanele ukukhankanywa. Ukusebenzisa i-rammer kwizinto ezibunjiweyo kukhawulezisa ukuguguleka kwi-foot plate kunye ne-spring assembly, kuba umatshini ulwa nokuguguleka kwezinto endaweni yokuxhathisa ukuxinana. Ukusebenzisa isixhobo esingalunganga akuvelisi nje iziphumo ezimbi - kunciphisa ubomi besixhobo ngokukhawuleza kunokuba inkampani eqeshisayo iya kukuqonda.
Isakhelo sesigqibo silula kunokuba sinokubonakala. Ukuba usebenza kumsele, ujikeleze isiseko, okanye nakweyiphi na indawo exineneyo ene-cohesive okanye i-mixed fill - i-rammer ngumatshini wakho. Iprofayili yayo encinci, amandla aphezulu okubetha, kunye nokungena nzulu kwenza kube lolona khetho lusebenzayo kwezi meko. Ukuba ulungiselela isiseko esivulekileyo sendlela, indawo yokupaka, ipatio, okanye indlela yokungena usebenzisa izinto ezisisiseko se-granular, i-plate compactor ikhawuleza, ihambelana ngakumbi, kwaye ifaneleka ngcono kwindlela izinto ezisebenza ngayo xa zingcangcazela.
Abakhi abaninzi abanamava bagcina oomatshini bobabini esandleni, kuba iindawo ezininzi zineemeko zombini. Oko akukokuphindaphindwa kwemisebenzi — oko kulungiselelwa. I-rammer kunye ne-plate compactor zigubungele phantse yonke imeko yokuxinana oza kudibana nayo kwisivumelwano ngokubanzi, kwaye iindleko ezidibeneyo ziphantsi kakhulu kuneendleko zomsebenzi omnye wokuxinana ongaphumelelanga.
Ingxoxo phakathi kwe-rammer kunye ne-compactor ayithethi ukuba ngowuphi umatshini ongcono. Imalunga nokuqonda ukuba ukuxinana yingxaki yesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo, kwaye izixhobo ezifanelekileyo yiyo nayiphi na into ehambelana nefiziksi yomhlaba kwindawo yakho ethile. Lungisa loo nto, kwaye yonke into eyakhelwe phezu kwayo inethuba lokulwa.
Icebiso elikhawulezayo: soloko ubhekisa idatha yokuxinana kweProctor kwingxelo yakho yejografi kunye nobunzulu bokuphakamisa obucetyiswa ngumvelisi kumatshini othile owusebenzisayo. Ezo nombolo zimbini xa zidibene ziya kuthintela uninzi lokusilela kokuxinana ngaphambi kokuba ziqale.