Umthengisi wezixhobo zokwakha izisombululo zoomatshini bokwakha kangangeminyaka engama-30.
Ulwimi
Umthengisi wezixhobo zokwakha izisombululo zoomatshini bokwakha kangangeminyaka engama-30.
I-plate compactor inobunzulu obungakanani? Akukho bunzulu buqhelekileyo kuyo yonke imashini kunye nezinto. I-plate ekhokelwa ngesandla engaphambili inokudibanisa umaleko wesanti okanye igrabile elawulwayo, ngelixa i-plate enzima eguqukayo inokusebenzisa amandla amakhulu e-centrifugal. Isiphumo sisaxhomekeke kuluhlu olupheleleyo, ukufuma, ubukhulu bokuphakamisa obukhululekileyo, isantya sokuhamba kunye noxinano olufunekayo kwiprojekthi.
Umbuzo oluncedo ngakumbi ngulo: “Ifanele ibe nkulu kangakanani i-lift nganye?” I-plate compactor ingenza umphezulu ongaphezulu ubonakale uqinile ngelixa inxalenye esezantsi ihlala ikhululekile. Umphezulu ungabonakala ulungele umcimbi wokusikwa kweribhoni, kodwa izinto ezingaphantsi zisenokuba zilungiselela ibango lentlawulo kwixesha elizayo.
Kwizixhobo ezikhokelwa ngesandla, isiseko kufuneka sakhiwe ngeelifti ezilinganisiweyo endaweni yokubekwa kubunzulu baso obupheleleyo kwaye sincitshiswe ukusuka phezulu. Imifanekiso yomenzi inika amanqaku aluncedo okubhekisa, kodwa kufuneka ihlale inamathele kumatshini nakwizinto ezichaziweyo.
Umzekelo, i I-BOMAG BP 25/50 D inobunzima obuyi-125 kg, inobubanzi bokusebenza obuyi-500 mm kwaye idwelisa ubude bokuzalisa obufikelela kwi-300 mm kwisanti efanelekileyo, igrabile kunye nomhlaba oxutyiweyo. Lo ngumfanekiso wesicelo okhethekileyo, awuqinisekisi ukuba yonke i-forward plate compactor inokuwuhlanganisa ngokupheleleyo umphakamisi we-300 mm.
| Umzekelo opapashweyo | Umfanekiso othile | Indlela yokuyitolika |
|---|---|---|
| I-BOMAG BP 25/50 D | Ubunzima bokusebenza obuyi-125 kg | Uchonga udidi lomatshini olusemva kwebango lobunzulu |
| Ububanzi bokusebenza | 500 mm | Ibonisa ubungakanani bepleyiti esetyenzisiweyo kwisicelo esipapashiweyo |
| Ukuphakama kokugcwalisa | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-300 mm | Isebenza kwisanti efanelekileyo, igrabile kunye nomhlaba oxutyiweyo |
| Isifundo sentsimi se-ASCE | Uvavanyo lokuliphakamisa oluyi-200 mm | Ityala lentsimi eliqinisekisiweyo, hayi indawo esetyenziswa ngumntu wonke |
Ubunzulu besiseko bubonke bubukhulu obugqityiweyo obufunekayo kwiprojekthi. Ubukhulu bokuphakamisa obukhululekileyo bubunzulu bokusasazwa kwezinto ngaphambi kokuxinana. Ubunzulu bokuxinana okusebenzayo yinxalenye yaloo maleko apho umatshini uvelisa ukwanda koxinano olulinganisekayo.
Isiseko sendlela yokungena esingama-300 mm ngoko ke sinokufuna iilifti ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kumatshini, i-aggregate kunye neenkcukacha. Ilifti nganye kufuneka ilinganiswe, ilungiswe ngamanzi kwaye incitshiswe ngaphambi kokuba kubekwe umaleko olandelayo. Ukongeza iipaseji ezingaphezulu akusoloko kusindisa ilifti ebinkulu kakhulu kwasekuqaleni.
I-lift engama-200 mm—malunga nee-intshi ezisibhozo—inokusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo. Kwisifundo se-ASCE utility-trench field, i-walk-back vibratory plate ifumana ngaphezulu kwe-100% ye-Standard Proctor density kwi-lift engama-200 mm. Oku kubonelela ngobungqina obuluncedo be-field, kodwa kusebenza kwizixhobo ezivavanyiweyo, izinto zokubuyisela umva kunye nenkqubo yokwakha. Ayenzi i-200 mm ibe yi-automatic setting ye-plate compactor nganye.
Lo mahluko ubalulekile kuba ubude bokugcwalisa obupapashwe ngumvelisi kunye nesinyuko esivavanyiweyo sophando lwentsimi siphendula imibuzo eyahlukeneyo. Omnye uchaza uluhlu lwesicelo olucetywayo; omnye uxela isiphumo esilinganisiweyo phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo. Akukho nanye kwezi ithatha indawo yemfuneko yoxinano kwinkcazo yeprojekthi.
Iipleyiti zokungcangcazela zihlala zilungele izinto ezibunjiweyo ezifana nesanti, igrabile, uthuli lwamatye kunye ne-aggregate etyumkileyo kuba ukungcangcazela kunceda amasuntswana ukuba aphinde ahleleke abe yisakhiwo esixineneyo. I-United Rentals ichonga ezi zinto njengezicelo eziqhelekileyo ze-plate-compactor. Umhlaba onodongwe oluninzi okanye umxholo we-silt unokusabela ngcono kwi-tamping rammer okanye i-roller kuba amasuntswana adibeneyo awaphinde ahleleke ngokukhululekileyo phantsi kokungcangcazela komphezulu.
Ukufuma kutshintsha indlela amasuntswana ahamba kwaye adibana ngayo ngokulula. Izinto ezomileyo kakhulu zinokumelana nokuhlelwa kwakhona, ngelixa amanzi amaninzi anokubangela ukupompa, ukugoba okanye ukutyibilika kumphezulu. Akukho pesenti yokufuma enoxanduva kuyo yonke intlabathi okanye umhlaba. Abakhi kufuneka balandele inkcazo yeprojekthi okanye bamisele uluhlu lokusebenza ngecandelo lovavanyo.
Igama elithi “plate compactor” ligubungela oomatshini abaneemveliso ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. I-United Rentals idwelisa iipleyiti ezibhekisa kwicala elinye ezine-3,000–5,000 lbf yamandla e-centrifugal kunye nobunzima bokusebenza obuyi-181–229 lb. Udidi lwayo olunzima oluguqukayo lufikelela kwi-11,000–14,000 lbf kwaye lunobunzima obuyi-771–1,014 lb. Umfanekiso wobunzulu ovela kwelinye iklasi akufuneki udluliselwe kwelinye ngaphandle kokujonga izinto, indawo yepleyiti kunye noxinano olujoliswe kulo.
| Udidi lwezixhobo | Amandla e-Centrifugal | Ubunzima bokusebenza | Intsingiselo yokukhetha okuqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ipleyiti yendlela enye | 3,000–5,000 lbf | 181–229 lb | Umsebenzi omncinci we-granular, we-paving kunye nokulungisa |
| Ipleyiti enzima eguqukayo | 11,000–14,000 lbf | 771–1,014 lb | Iindawo ezinkulu kunye neelifti ezifuna kakhulu |
Umatshini onzima udla ngokuba namandla obunzulu obukhulu, kodwa ubunzima bodwa abuyiyo impendulo. Ubuninzi bokungcangcazela, ubukhulu, ubukhulu bepleyiti kunye nesantya sokuhamba zimisela indlela loo mandla angena ngayo kwizinto.
I-United Rentals inika umthetho wokuqala we-intshi enye yezinto ezimalunga ne-1,000 lbf nganye yamandla okuxinana. Esi sikhokelo sinye sidibanisa malunga nokungcangcazela okungu-5,700 ngomzuzu kunye neeleya ezincinci kunye ne-3,000–4,000 vpm kunye neeleya ezityebileyo. La manani anokunceda ukuthelekisa izixhobo, kodwa yimithetho yokuhlola endaweni yokubala ubunzulu obuqinisekisiweyo.
Phantsi kwalo mgaqo, umatshini onobunzima obuyi-5,000 lbf ekuqaleni ungaqwalaselwa ngezinto ezimalunga ne-intshi ezintlanu. Ukuphakamisa kokugqibela kusenokufuna ukulungiswa komswakama, ukubekwa kwemigangatho, indawo yepleyiti kunye noxinano olufunekayo. Umhlaba awufane ufunde incwadana yokuthengisa, ngoko ke icandelo lovavanyo lihlala liluncedo.
Akukho manani aqinisekileyo okupasa asisigxina kuwo wonke umsebenzi. Amaphasi ongezelelweyo aluncedo kuphela ngelixa uxinano okanye ukuqina okulinganisiweyo kuqhubeka kusanda. Ukuphakanyiswa okutyebileyo kakhulu kunokuhlala kukhululekile kufutshane nezantsi nokuba umphezulu ufumene imijikelo emininzi emangalisayo.
Qala ngecandelo lovavanyo usebenzisa izinto ezicwangcisiweyo, ilifti ekhululekileyo kunye nomatshini. Sebenzisa imigca yokuhamba ehambelanayo, gcina isantya esihambelanayo kwaye ubhale phantsi inani leepaseji. Kwiziseko zesakhiwo, iindlela, iislabhu kunye nomsebenzi wombane, qinisekisa isiphumo usebenzisa indlela yoxinano okanye yokuqina efunekayo ngokwemigaqo.
| Isicelo | Indlela esebenzayo | Umngcipheko ophambili |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela yokungena enegrabile | Iilifti ezilinganisiweyo ezincinci ezineepasi ezigqithanayo | Ukuhlaliswa kwiindlela zamavili |
| Isiseko sePaver | Cinezela isiseko esipheleleyo ngaphambi kokubeka isanti yokulala | Iibhloko ezingalinganiyo okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu |
| Isiseko seslab yekhonkrithi | Landela iimfuno ezichaziweyo zoxinano kunye nokuphakamisa | Ukulungiswa kunye nokuqhekeka kamva |
| Umsele wokusetyenziswa | Tshatisa umatshini nohlobo lomhlaba kunye nobubanzi obufumanekayo | Izinto ezikhululekileyo ecaleni kwemibhobho okanye iindonga |
| Ugcino olutyebileyo ngodongwe | Cinga nge-rammer okanye i-roller efanelekileyo | Ukungcangcazela komphezulu ngaphandle kokuphuculwa okunzulu |
Kwimisebenzi emincinci yokuhombisa umhlaba, ukuhamba komphezulu okunciphileyo, iinyawo ezimbalwa ezinzulu kunye nokugqitywa okuqinileyo, okulinganayo zizinto eziluncedo. Azizo iimvavanyo zokwamkelwa kobunjineli. Umphezulu ogudileyo ungqina ukuba umphezulu uthambile; awukhuphi siqinisekiso somaleko ongaphantsi.
Kwisakhiwo esithwala umthwalo, linganisa isiphumo ngokuthelekisa neemfuno zeprojekthi. Ukuba kusekho amabala athambileyo, iimpompo zomphezulu ezingaphantsi kwepleyiti okanye uxinano aziphucuki emva kokudlula okungakumbi, jonga ubukhulu bokuphakamisa, ukufuma kunye nezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba ugxeke umatshini.
Akukho bunzulu buqhelekileyo kwipleyiti nganye encinci. Njengomzekelo womenzi, ipleyiti ye-BOMAG ehamba phambili eyi-125 kg idwelisa ubude bokugcwalisa obufikelela kwi-300 mm kwizinto ezifanelekileyo ze-granular, ngelixa isiphumo sokwenyani sisafuna ukuqinisekiswa kwendawo.
Ipleyiti enzima ingasebenza kumhlaba oxutyiweyo, kodwa udongwe oluqinileyo ludla ngokuphendula ngcono kwizixhobo zokuxova okanye zokuxova ezifana ne-tamping rammer okanye i-padfoot roller.
Isenokuba namandla obunzulu obukhulu, kodwa amandla e-centrifugal, i-vibration frequency, i-amplitude, indawo yeplate, izinto kunye nokufuma nazo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
Akunjalo rhoqo. Iipasi ezongezelelweyo zinokwenza indawo ephezulu ibe lukhuni ngelixa inxalenye esezantsi ihlala ingaphantsi koxinano olufunekayo. Ukunciphisa ubukhulu bokuphakamisa kudla ngokuba luncedo ngakumbi kunokuqinisa umphezulu omnye ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
I-lift kufuneka ihambelane noluhlu lwesicelo esivunyiweyo se-plate compactor kunye neenkcukacha zesiseko. Iziseko ezingqindilili mazibe zezahlulo ezidityanisiweyo ezahlukeneyo endaweni yokuba zibekwe ngaxeshanye.
Iingcebiso zeKhonkco yangaphakathi:
Sebenzisa uluhlu lwe-plate compactor kwicandelo lokuvula kunye nokukhethwa kwezixhobo.
Sebenzisa amandla okuxinana kwepleyiti ye-compactor ecaleni kwengcaciso yamandla e-centrifugal.
Sebenzisa ijeki yokutsiba vs i-plate compactor kwicandelo lodongwe kunye nomhlaba odibeneyo.
