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Kampani yogulitsa zida zomangira yomwe yakhala ikupereka mayankho a makina omangira kwa zaka 30.
Chilankhulo
Kampani yogulitsa zida zomangira yomwe yakhala ikupereka mayankho a makina omangira kwa zaka 30.
Kodi chosindikizira mbale chingagwirizanitse bwanji? Palibe kuzama konsekonse kwa makina ndi zinthu zonse. Mbale yotsogola yotsogozedwa ndi manja ikhoza kugwirizanitsa mchenga kapena miyala yolamulidwa, pomwe mbale yolemera yosinthika imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya centrifugal. Zotsatira zake zimadalirabe kuyika kwa zinthu zonse, chinyezi, makulidwe omasuka, liwiro loyenda komanso kuchuluka komwe kumafunika ndi polojekitiyi.
Funso lothandiza kwambiri ndi lakuti: “Kodi chonyamulira chilichonse chiyenera kukhala chokhuthala bwanji?” Chogwirizira mbale chingapangitse kuti pamwamba pake pawoneke ngati cholimba pomwe pansi pake pakhalebe chomasuka. Pamwamba pake pakhoza kuwoneka ngati pakonzeka mwambo wodula riboni, koma zinthu zomwe zili pansi pake zikukonzekerabe kuti pakhale ndalama zobwezera mtsogolo.
Pazida zoyendetsedwa ndi manja, maziko nthawi zambiri ayenera kumangidwa m'makwerero oyezedwa m'malo moyikidwa pansi pake ndikupindika kuchokera pamwamba. Zifaniziro za opanga zimapereka mfundo zothandiza, koma ziyenera kukhala zolumikizidwa ku makina ndi zinthu zomwe zanenedwa.
Mwachitsanzo, BOMAG BP 25/50 D Imalemera makilogalamu 125, ili ndi mulifupi wa 500 mm ndipo imalemba kutalika kwa kudzaza mpaka 300 mm pamchenga, miyala ndi dothi losakanikirana. Ichi ndi chithunzi cha mtundu wa ntchito, si chitsimikizo kuti compactor iliyonse yotsogola ikhoza kukanikiza bwino chokweza cha 300 mm.
| Chitsanzo chofalitsidwa | Chithunzi chenicheni | Momwe mungatanthauzire |
|---|---|---|
| BOMAG BP 25/50 D | Kulemera kwa ntchito 125 kg | Imazindikira gulu la makina kumbuyo kwa zomwe zanenedwa kuti zakuya |
| M'lifupi ntchito | 500 mm | Ikuwonetsa kukula kwa mbale yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito pa pulogalamu yofalitsidwa |
| Kutalika kwa kudzaza | Mpaka 300 mm | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mchenga, miyala ndi nthaka yosakanikirana yoyenera |
| Kafukufuku wa m'munda wa ASCE | Kukweza mayeso a 200 mm | Nkhani yotsimikizika ya munda, osati malo onse |
Kuzama konse kwa maziko ndi makulidwe omalizidwa omwe amafunikira ndi polojekitiyi. Kuzama kwa kukweza kosalekeza ndi kuzama kwa kufalikira kwa zinthu musanakanikizidwe. Kuzama kogwira mtima kwa kukanikizidwe ndi gawo la gawo limene makinawo amapanga kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe koyezeka.
Chifukwa chake, maziko a msewu wa 300 mm angafunike ma lift awiri kapena kuposerapo osiyana, kutengera makina, aggregate ndi zofunikira. Lift iliyonse iyenera kukhala yolinganizidwa, yokonzedwa bwino komanso yopapatiza musanayike gawo lina. Kuwonjezera ma pass ambiri sikuti nthawi zonse kumapulumutsa lift yomwe inali yokhuthala kwambiri kuyambira pachiyambi.
Chokweza cha 200 mm—pafupifupi mainchesi asanu ndi atatu—chingagwire ntchito motsatira malamulo. Mu kafukufuku wa ASCE utility-trench field field, mbale yoyenda kumbuyo kwa vibratory nthawi zambiri imapeza kupitirira 100% kwa Standard Proctor density pa chokweza cha 200 mm. Izi zimapereka umboni wothandiza wa field, koma zimagwira ntchito pa zida zoyesedwa, zinthu zobwezeretsa ndi njira yomangira. Sizimapangitsa 200 mm kukhala yokhazikika yokha ya plate compactor iliyonse.
Kusiyana kumeneku n'kofunika chifukwa kutalika kwa kudzaza komwe kwafalitsidwa ndi wopanga komanso kukweza koyesedwa ndi kafukufuku wamunda kumayankha mafunso osiyanasiyana. Chimodzi chimafotokoza mtundu wa ntchito yomwe ikufunidwa; china chimafotokoza zotsatira zoyezedwa pansi pa mikhalidwe yofotokozedwa. Palibe chomwe chimalowa m'malo mwa kufunikira kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zafotokozedwa mu polojekitiyi.
Ma plate ogwedezeka nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi granular monga mchenga, miyala, fumbi la miyala ndi zinthu zina zophwanyika chifukwa kugwedezeka kumathandiza kuti tinthu timeneti tisinthe kukhala cholimba. United Rentals imazindikira kuti zinthuzi ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma plate-compactor. Dothi lokhala ndi dothi lochuluka kapena matope ambiri lingayankhe bwino ku rammer kapena roller yopapatiza chifukwa tinthu togwirizana sitimasinthanso momasuka pamene tikugwedezeka pamwamba.
Chinyezi chimasintha momwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timayendera mosavuta ndikulumikizana. Zinthu zouma kwambiri zimatha kukana kukonzedwanso, pomwe madzi ochulukirapo angayambitse kupopa, kugwedezeka kapena kutayikira pamwamba. Palibe chinyezi chokwanira chomwe chimapezeka pa miyala kapena nthaka iliyonse. Omanga ayenera kutsatira zomwe zafotokozedwa mu polojekitiyi kapena kukhazikitsa malo ogwirira ntchito kudzera mu gawo loyesera.
Mawu akuti "plate compactor" amakhudza makina okhala ndi zotulutsa zosiyanasiyana. United Rentals imalemba ma plate olunjika amodzi okhala ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal ya 3,000–5,000 lbf ndi zolemera zogwirira ntchito za 181–229 lb. Gulu lake lolemera losinthika limafika 11,000–14,000 lbf ndipo limalemera 771–1,014 lb. Chithunzi chakuya kuchokera ku gulu limodzi sichiyenera kusamutsidwira ku lina popanda kuwona zinthu, malo a plate ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu.
| Kalasi ya zida | Mphamvu ya Centrifugal | Kulemera kwa ntchito | Tanthauzo la kusankha kwachizolowezi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mbale yolunjika imodzi | 3,000–5,000 lbf | 181–229 lb | Ntchito zazing'ono zopyapyala, zopaka miyala ndi kukonza |
| Mbale yolemera yosinthika | 11,000–14,000 lbf | 771–1,014 mapaundi | Malo akuluakulu ndi ma lift ovuta kwambiri |
Makina olemera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu yozama kwambiri, koma kulemera kokha si yankho. Kuchuluka kwa kugwedezeka, kukula, kukula kwa mbale ndi liwiro loyendera zimatsimikizira momwe mphamvuyo imalowera muzinthuzo.
United Rentals imapereka lamulo loyamba la pafupifupi inchi imodzi ya zinthu pa mphamvu iliyonse yolimba ya 1,000 lbf. Buku lomweli limagwirizanitsa kugwedezeka pafupifupi 5,700 pamphindi ndi zigawo zoonda ndi 3,000–4,000 vpm ndi zigawo zokhuthala. Ziwerengerozi zingathandize kufananiza zida, koma ndi malamulo owunikira m'malo mowerengera kuzama kotsimikizika.
Malinga ndi lamulo limenelo, makina olemera makilogalamu 5,000 angaganizidwe poyamba kuti akhale ndi zinthu pafupifupi mainchesi asanu. Chokweza chomaliza chingafunikebe kusinthidwa kuti chikhale ndi chinyezi, kuyika kwa zinthu zonse, malo a mbale ndi kuchuluka kofunikira. Dothi silimawerenga kawirikawiri kabuku kogulitsa, kotero gawo loyesera limakhala lothandiza.
Palibe chiwerengero chodalirika cha ma pass pa ntchito iliyonse. Ma pass ena ndi othandiza pokhapokha ngati kuchuluka kapena kuuma koyezedwa kukupitirirabe. Kukweza kolemera kwambiri kungakhale kosasunthika pafupi ndi pansi ngakhale pamwamba patakhala ndi ma laps angapo odabwitsa.
Yambani ndi gawo loyesera pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zakonzedwa, chokweza chomasuka ndi makina. Gwiritsani ntchito mizere yoyendera yolumikizana, sungani liwiro lofanana ndikulemba chiwerengero cha ma pass. Pa maziko a zomangamanga, misewu, ma slabs ndi ntchito zothandizira, tsimikizirani zotsatira zake pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowunikira kuchuluka kwa malo kapena kuuma komwe kumafunikira malinga ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa.
| Kugwiritsa ntchito | Njira yothandiza | Chiwopsezo chachikulu |
|---|---|---|
| Njira yolowera miyala | Ma lift oyezedwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ma pass olumikizana | Kukhazikika m'njira zamagudumu |
| Malo oyambira pa paver | Limbani maziko a bedi musanayike mchenga | Kulephera kwa ma blocks kapena kulephera kwa mafupa |
| Maziko a konkireti | Tsatirani zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa za kuchulukana ndi kukweza | Kuthetsa ndi kusokoneza pambuyo pake |
| Ngalande yothandiza | Lumikizani makinawo ndi mtundu wa nthaka ndi m'lifupi mwake | Zinthu zotayirira pafupi ndi mapaipi kapena makoma |
| Malo osungiramo zinthu okhala ndi dongo lochuluka | Ganizirani za rammer kapena roller yoyenera | Kugwedezeka kwa pamwamba popanda kusintha kwakukulu |
Pa ntchito zazing'ono zokongoletsa malo, kuyenda pang'ono kwa pamwamba, mapazi ochepa akuya komanso kumaliza kolimba, kofanana ndi zinthu zothandiza kuziona. Si mayeso ovomerezeka ndi uinjiniya. Malo osalala amatsimikizira kuti pamwamba pake ndi posalala; sapereka satifiketi ya gawo lomwe lili pansi pake.
Pa ntchito yomanga yonyamula katundu, yesani zotsatira zake poyerekeza ndi zomwe polojekitiyi ikufuna. Ngati pali malo ofewa, mapampu apamwamba omwe ali pansi pa mbale kapena kuchulukana kwawo sikukwera pambuyo podutsa kwina, yang'anani makulidwe a chokweza, chinyezi ndi zinthuzo musananene kuti makinawo ndi otani.
Palibe kuya koyenera kwa mbale iliyonse yaying'ono. Mwachitsanzo, wopanga mbale ya BOMAG yolemera makilogalamu 125 imalemba kutalika kwa kudzaza mpaka 300 mm pazinthu zoyenera, pomwe zotsatira zenizeni zimafunabe kutsimikizika kwa malo.
Mbale yolemera ingagwire ntchito pa dothi losakanikirana, koma dongo logwirizana kwambiri nthawi zambiri limayankha bwino zida zogwirira kapena zokanda monga chopondera cha tamping kapena padfoot roller.
Ikhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu yozama kwambiri, koma mphamvu ya centrifugal, kuchuluka kwa kugwedezeka, kukula kwake, malo a plate, zinthu ndi chinyezi ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa.
Osati nthawi zonse. Ma pass owonjezera amatha kulimbitsa dera lapamwamba pomwe gawo la pansi limakhalabe pansi pa kuchuluka kofunikira. Kuchepetsa makulidwe a chokweza nthawi zambiri kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri kuposa kukanikiza pamwamba pomwe mobwerezabwereza.
Chokwezacho chiyenera kufanana ndi mtundu wovomerezeka wa chogwirizira cha mbale ndi zomwe maziko ake ali. Maziko okhuthala ayenera kupangidwa m'magawo osiyana opapatizana m'malo moyikidwa nthawi imodzi.
Malangizo a Ulalo Wamkati:
Gwiritsani ntchito gulu la compactor ya mbale mu gawo lotsegulira zida ndi kusankha.
Gwiritsani ntchito mphamvu yokoka mbale pambali pa kufotokozera kwa mphamvu ya centrifugal.
Gwiritsani ntchito jeki yodumpha motsutsana ndi compactor ya mbale mu gawo la dongo ndi nthaka yogwirizana.
