Ib tus neeg muab khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse rau 30 xyoo.
Lus
Ib tus neeg muab khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse rau 30 xyoo.
Daim ntawv qhia txog qhov sib piv ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis nws tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm zaj dab neeg xwb. Qhov sib piv qhia koj tias yuav tsum muaj pes tsawg cov cement, xuab zeb thiab cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv qhov sib tov. Lub tshuab sib tov pob zeb qhia koj tias yuav muaj pes tsawg ntawm cov khoom sib tov ntawd tuaj yeem sib tov kom zoo hauv ib pawg. Thaum ob yam ntawd tsis sib xws, qhov tshwm sim yog qhov paub zoo: thawj lub laub zoo li ntub, qhov kawg zoo li qhuav, thiab txhua tus neeg nyob hauv qhov chaw tam sim ntawd dhau los ua tus kws tshaj lij txog pob zeb.
Rau cov neeg cog khoom, cov tuam txhab xauj tsev thiab cov neeg yuav khoom siv, lo lus nug tiag tiag tsis yog "Qhov sib piv sib xyaw ua ke zoo tshaj plaws yog dab tsi?" Nws yog "Lub tshuab sib tov no puas tuaj yeem tsim qhov sib piv ntawd dua thiab dua yam tsis muaj kev thauj khoom ntau dhau, plam, txhaws lossis pov tseg cov khoom?" Yog vim li cas phau ntawv qhia no txuas daim ntawv qhia sib xyaw ua ke nrog qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom sib tov, kev tswj dej thiab kev kuaj xyuas kev yuav khoom.
Cov piv hauv qab no yog cov ntaub ntawv siv rau hauv daim teb. Feem ntau lawv ntsuas los ntawm cov ntim xoob, xws li cov thoob, thiab sau ua cement: xuab zeb: cov pob zeb loj. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev npaj cov khoom me me, tab sis lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov qhov kev tsim cov khoom sib xyaw rau cov pob zeb ua vaj tse lossis cov haujlwm tswj hwm.
| Kev Sib Xyaws Sib Piv | Kev Siv Feem Ntau | Cov Lus Qhia Txog Tus Neeg Yuav Khoom |
|---|---|---|
| 1:1.5:3 | Cov slabs muaj zog dua, cov hauv paus, cov haujlwm hnyav dua | Yuav tsum tau tswj cov dej kom zoo thiab kev sib zog ua kom zoo |
| 1:2:3 | Cov pob zeb dav dav, cov kev, cov hauv paus me me | Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov chaw sib npaug thaum cov qauv ntawm qhov project tso cai rau nws |
| 1:2:4 | Cov slabs ua haujlwm me me, cov ncej, cov haujlwm kho yooj yim | Yooj yim dua rau kev tso, tab sis tsis yog rau kev ua haujlwm hnyav |
| 1:3:6 | Cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, cov ntaub pua chaw pw, cov txheej thaiv qhov muag tsis pom kev | Txheej txhawb nqa qis zog, tsis yog kev sib xyaw ua ke |
Qhov sib piv tsis yog ib qho khawv koob. Yog tias cov xuab zeb ntub, lub pob zeb qias neeg, lub nruas puv dhau lossis tus neeg ua haujlwm pheej "pab" nrog dej ntxiv, tib qho sib piv tuaj yeem ua txawv heev. Cov pob zeb muaj kev lom zem, tab sis tu siab nws feem ntau pom nws tom qab kho.
Dej ua rau cov pob zeb ua haujlwm tau, tab sis dej ntau dhau tuaj yeem nyiag lub zog. Lub Koom Haum Ua Vaj Tse Hauv Tebchaws Meskas txhais qhov piv ntawm cov dej-cementitious khoom, lossis w/cm, ua qhov hnyav ntawm cov dej sib tov faib rau qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom cementitious. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias dej yuav tsum tau tswj los ntawm qhov hnyav lossis txoj kev ntsuas rov ua dua, tsis yog los ntawm kev xav.
Lub Lub Koom Haum Cement Amelikas piav qhia tias cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau yog kwv yees li 7% txog 15% cement, 60% txog 75% aggregate thiab 14% txog 21% dej los ntawm qhov ntim, nrog rau huab cua entrained qee zaum ntxiv txog li 8%. Qhov no qhia tau tias vim li cas dej tsim nyog tau txais kev hwm. Nws tsis yog cov khoom xyaw loj tshaj plaws los ntawm qhov ntim, tab sis nws muaj feem cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, qhov zoo ntawm cov nplaum thiab kev ruaj khov.
| Xwm txheej dej | Koj Pom Dab Tsi Hauv Lub Mixer | Tej Yam Yuav Tshwm Sim Tom Qab |
|---|---|---|
| Dej tsawg dhau | Kev sib xyaw ua ke hnyav, txheej tsis zoo, tso tawm nyuaj | Cov qhov tsis zoo, cov honeycomb, qhov ua tiav tsis zoo |
| Dej tswj tau | Kev sib xyaw ua ke, ntws ruaj khov, txheej txheej sib npaug | Lub zog thiab kev sib xws zoo dua |
| Dej ntau dhau | Kev tso tawm yooj yim, sib tov dej heev | Ntau dua shrinkage, qis dua durability, cracking kev pheej hmoo |
Yog tias yuav tsum tau hloov kho dej tom qab pib sib tov, ua maj mam thiab sib tov dua. NRMCA sau tseg tias cov dej ntxiv yuav tsum nyob hauv qhov txwv tsim kev sib tov, thiab cov pawg kho kom raug yuav tsum tau txais tsawg kawg 30 lub tig ntawm lub tshuab sib tov ntawm qhov ceev sib tov kom rov qab tau qhov sib xws.
Ib qho ntawm cov yuam kev feem ntau thaum yuav khoom yog xav tias lub tshuab sib tov ua vaj tse 350L ua tau 350L ntawm cov pob zeb tiav rau ib pawg. Nws tsis ua li ntawd. Qhov ntim ntawm lub nruas, lub peev xwm thauj khoom thiab lub peev xwm tso tawm yog cov yam sib txawv. Lub tshuab sib tov xav tau qhov chaw khoob hauv lub nruas kom cov khoom tuaj yeem quav, dov thiab txheej kom raug. Sau nws mus rau hauv qhov ncauj thiab nws tsis sib tov; nws tsuas yog yws ua voj voog xwb.
Ua ntej koj xaiv lub tshuab, nug seb koj puas muaj peev xwm tso tawm cov khoom ntau npaum li cas, tsis yog nug seb lub nruas loj npaum li cas xwb. Tus lej ntawd yuav ze rau tus neeg yuav khoom uas koj xav tau tiag tiag.
| Chav Kawm Sib Tov Khoom | Hom Haujlwm Tsim Nyog | Yuav Tsum Tshawb Xyuas Dab Tsi Ua Ntej Yuav Khoom |
|---|---|---|
| 350L tov khoom | Cov pob zeb me me, kev kho, cov ncej, cov haujlwm ua liaj ua teb, kev siv xauj tsev | Muaj peev xwm tso tawm tiag tiag, lub zog tsav tsheb, lub zog log |
| 400L tov khoom | Cov neeg ua haujlwm kho vaj kho tsev tsis tu ncua, cov lag luam me me | Lub nruas tuab, qhov zoo ntawm lub nplhaib iav, tsim hniav |
| 500L tov khoom | Cov zis txhua hnub ntau dua ntawm cov chaw me thiab nruab nrab | Qhov siab thauj khoom, qhov chaw fais fab, kev ruaj khov ntawm thav duab |
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog qhov teeb meem no, ACE phau ntawv qhia rau peev xwm sib tov ua vaj tse piav qhia vim li cas cov zis ntsuas tseem ceeb dua li tus lej luam tawm ntawm ib sab ntawm lub nruas.
Pib nrog qhov piv, tom qab ntawd phim nws kom haum rau lub peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab sib tov. Rau qhov sib tov 1:2:3, txhua 1 feem ntawm cov cement xav tau 2 feem xuab zeb thiab 3 feem cov pob zeb loj. Yog tias lub thawv ntsuas yog lub thoob 10L, ib pawg me me tuaj yeem pib nrog 10L cement, 20L xuab zeb thiab 30L cov pob zeb loj, tom qab ntawd maj mam ntxiv dej.
Qhov ntim ntawm cov pob zeb ntub kawg yuav tsis sib npaug rau qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom qhuav. Xuab zeb ua rau cov pob zeb puv qhov sib txawv, cov cement ua rau cov pob zeb me me puv qhov sib txawv, dej ua rau cov nplaum ua haujlwm, thiab tag nrho cov pawg yuav sib sau ua ke. Cov pob zeb tsis quav ntsej txog kev suav lej zoo. Nws nyiam physics.
Ib txoj kev siv tau zoo yog:
Xaiv qhov piv txwv uas tso cai rau txoj haujlwm.
Paub meej tias lub mixer qhov ntsuas qhov thauj khoom thiab tso tawm.
Siv ib lub thoob lossis ib lub thawv ruaj khov rau txhua yam khoom qhuav.
Ntxiv ib feem ntawm cov dej ua ntej.
Maj mam thauj cov khoom, tsis txhob muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw pov tseg.
Maj mam kho cov dej thiab sau cov dej uas rov ua dua.
Yog tias qhov sib tov sib xyaw tsis zoo, qhov sib tov sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Rau feem ntau ntawm cov tshuab sib tov nruas, pib nrog ib feem ntawm cov dej, ntxiv qee cov pob zeb ntxhib, tom qab ntawd ntxiv xuab zeb thiab cement, ua raws li cov pob zeb seem. Maj mam ntxiv cov dej seem tom qab cov khoom pib sib tov.
Cov txheej txheem no pab tiv thaiv cov cement kom tsis txhob lo rau lub nruas thiab txo cov hnab qhuav. Yog tias lub tshuab sib tov nyuaj, tsis txhob ntxiv dej ntxiv tam sim ntawd. Ua ntej xyuas seb cov khoom siv puas loj dhau, lub kaum ntawm lub nruas tsis raug, cov hniav puas hnav lossis cov khoom siv tau ntxiv sai dhau. Rau cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tag nrho, siv ACE phau ntawv qhia ntawm yuav ua li cas sib tov pob zeb hauv lub tshuab sib tov .
| Yuam Kev | Vim Li Cas Nws Mob | Kev Xyaum Zoo Dua |
|---|---|---|
| Overloading lub nruas | Cov ntaub ntawv dov es tsis txhob sib tov | Nyob hauv qhov muaj peev xwm thauj khoom uas tau ntsuas |
| Ntxiv dej los ntawm lub qhov muag | Kev ua haujlwm tau zoo dua, lub zog yuav poob qis | Ntsuas dej thiab maj mam kho |
| Tsis quav ntsej txog cov xuab zeb ntub | Cov dej zais cia hloov qhov w/cm tiag tiag | Txo cov dej ntxiv thaum xuab zeb ntub |
| Sib tov luv luv dhau | Cov nplaum tsis sib xyaw ua ke | Ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm lub tshuab sib tov thiab xyuas kom meej tias nws sib xws |
| Siv ib qho piv rau txhua txoj haujlwm | Cov haujlwm sib txawv xav tau kev ua tau zoo sib txawv | Sib phim qhov piv rau daim ntawv thov |
| Yuav tsuas yog los ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub nruas xwb | Cov zis yuav qis dua li qhov xav tau | Piv txwv qhov muaj peev xwm thiab lub zog tawm |
Yog tias daim ntawv qhia ua zaub mov zoo tab sis qhov sib tov tseem tsis zoo, qhov teeb meem yuav yog vim siv tshuab. Siv txoj siv sia plam, cov hniav puas lawm, lub nruas khiav tsis raug lossis cov iav puas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm kev sib tov. ACE's cov lus qhia txog kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov khoom sib tov ua vaj tse yog nplooj ntawv zoo dua rau kev kuaj xyuas cov teeb meem ntawd.
Rau cov neeg muag khoom, cov tuam txhab xauj tsev thiab cov neeg cog lus, lub tshuab sib tov ua vaj tse tsis yog ib lub nruas nrog lub cev muaj zog xwb. Nws yog ib lub cuab yeej uas rov ua dua tau. Yog tias cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis tuaj yeem ua cov khoom zoo sib xws txhua hnub, lub tshuab yuav tsim cov lus sib cav sai dua li nws tsim cov pob zeb.
| Cov Lus Nug Txog Tus Neeg Yuav Khoom | Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Tshawb Xyuas | Vim Li Cas Nws Tseem Ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Nws puas tuaj yeem tswj tau cov feem sib xyaw ua ke? | Lub peev xwm thauj khoom thiab tsim hniav | Tiv thaiv cov hnab qhuav thiab kev thauj khoom ntau dhau |
| Cov zis puas yuav phim qhov xav tau ntawm lub xaib txhua hnub? | Lub peev xwm tso tawm thiab lub sijhawm voj voog | Pab kwv yees qhov ua tau zoo tiag tiag |
| Kev saib xyuas puas yooj yim? | Kev nkag mus rau lub nplhaib iav, siv, bearing thiab lubrication | Txo lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm |
| Lub zog fais fab puas haum rau kev ua lag luam? | Fais fab, roj av los yog diesel | Sib phim cov xwm txheej fais fab ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm |
| Puas yooj yim txav mus los? | Lub thav duab, qhov loj ntawm lub log thiab qhov sib npaug | Tseem ceeb rau cov neeg xauj tsev thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm me me |
| Puas muaj kev pab txhawb nqa? | Cov khoom, cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev pab tshuaj xyuas | Tiv thaiv tus nqi ntawm kev muaj tswv mus sij hawm ntev |
Yog tias koj tab tom piv cov tshuab, pib nrog ACE's cov chaw tsim khoom sib tov ua vaj tse nplooj ntawv. Yog xav xaiv qhov chaw ua haujlwm, nyeem qhov phau ntawv qhia yuav khoom siv sib tov ua vaj tse Ua ntej tso ib qho kev txiav txim loj, tus daim ntawv teev cov kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom sib tov ua vaj tse yog nplooj ntawv uas yuav tsum khaws cia ib sab ntawm cov lus hais.
Rau kev ua haujlwm dav dav, 1:2:3 yog qhov piv txwv siv rau cov cement, xuab zeb thiab cov pob zeb loj. Rau kev ua haujlwm sib dua, 1:2:4 siv tau. Rau cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, ib txwm ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm qhov project lossis kev tsim qauv sib xyaw.
Feem ntau, 1:2:3 muaj cov cement ntau dua li cov aggregate, yog li nws feem ntau siv rau cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog dua. Lub zog kawg tseem nyob ntawm kev tswj dej, qhov zoo ntawm cov aggregate, kev sib zog thiab kev kho.
Feem ntau tsis yog. Lub nruas 350L tsis tau txhais hais tias yuav tsum muaj 350L ntawm cov pob zeb ua tiav rau ib pawg. Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum nug txog qhov muaj peev xwm thauj khoom thiab qhov muaj peev xwm tso tawm.
Thaum xub thawj, dej ntau dhau ua rau cov cement tsis muaj zog thiab ua rau cov cement ntsws. Yog vim li ntawd, yuav tsum ntsuas thiab kho cov dej kom zoo.
Cov khoom sib tov hauv thaj teb feem ntau siv qhov ntim, xws li cov thoob. Cov qauv sib tov tshaj lij feem ntau siv qhov hnyav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum xam qhov sib piv ntawm cov dej thiab cov khoom siv cementitious.
Tshawb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm tso tawm, qhov tuab ntawm lub nruas, tus qauv hniav, lub zog ntawm lub cev muaj zog lossis lub cav, qhov zoo ntawm cov iav, kev txhawb nqa cov khoom seem thiab kev nkag mus rau kev saib xyuas. Lub tshuab sib tov pheej yig tshaj plaws tsis yog pheej yig tas li tom qab daim ntawv them nqi kho thawj zaug.
