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Kampani yogulitsa zida zomangira yomwe yakhala ikupereka mayankho a makina omangira kwa zaka 30.
Chilankhulo
Kampani yogulitsa zida zomangira yomwe yakhala ikupereka mayankho a makina omangira kwa zaka 30.
Kugwira ntchito kwa zida zomangira msewu kumatsimikizira ngati msewu wapansi ukwaniritsa kukhuthala kwake, kuuma kwake, komanso kulimba kwake kwa nthawi yayitali. Pamalo ogwirira ntchito, kulephera sikumachitika kawirikawiri chifukwa cha zinthu zokha; nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha ma road rollers osagwirizana, kugwedezeka kolakwika, kusagwirizana bwino ndi makina omangira msewu, kapena kusasamalira bwino zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Kwa mainjiniya ndi oyang'anira omwe amagwira ntchito ndi makina omanga misewu, kumvetsetsa momwe zida zomangira msewu zimagwirira ntchito ndi phula kapena zigawo za granular ndikofunikira kwambiri pakulamulira khalidwe.
Ndemanga yaukadaulo iyi ikuwunika momwe mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zomangira zimakhudzira zotsatira za msewu, chifukwa chake nthawi zina zolinga za kuchulukana kwa magalimoto zimasowa, komanso momwe magwiridwe antchito angakonzedwe bwino popanda kungowonjezera ma roll pass. Cholinga chake ndi chothandiza: zisankho za malo, makina okonzera, ndi zinthu zosamalira zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji zotsatira zoyezeka.
Kugwira ntchito kwa kukanikizana kumayendetsedwa ndi zinthu zitatu zomwe zimagwirizana: khalidwe la zinthu, mphamvu ya makina, ndi nthawi. Pakupanga phula, kukula kwa kuchulukana kumadalira kwambiri kutentha. Ngati kugwedezeka kumayamba mochedwa, kusakaniza kumataya mphamvu yogwirira ntchito ndipo kukangana kwamkati kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchulukana komwe kungatheke mosasamala kanthu za kulemera kwa roller. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mphamvu zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu zingayambitse kusamuka kwa gulu lonse.
Pa maziko ozungulira, makulidwe a zigawo ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumawongolera momwe mphamvu ya kugwedezeka imafalikira. Ma lift okhuthala amafunika ma amplitude apamwamba kuti atumize mphamvu kumadera akuya, pomwe zigawo zoonda zimatha kuyankha bwino ma amplitude otsika ndi ma frequency apamwamba. Chifukwa chake makina omanga misewu ayenera kufananizidwa osati ndi mtundu wa zinthu zokha komanso kukwera kwa kukweza ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
Magwiridwe antchito ayenera kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zoyezera: kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe komwe kwapezeka, kuuma kwa njira (komwe makina anzeru amagwiritsidwa ntchito), kusalala kwa pamwamba, ndi kufanana m'lifupi mwa msewu. Ma peak a kachulukidwe kosiyana sasonyeza kukhuthala kwabwino ngati kusiyana kukupitirirabe.
Ma rollers ogwedezeka a msewu amapanga mphamvu yosinthasintha kudzera muzinthu zozungulira zosazolowereka mkati mwa ng'oma. Ma parameter awiri amalamulira magwiridwe antchito: ma frequency (kugwedezeka pamphindi) ndi ma amplitude (kusuntha kolunjika). Ma amplitude apamwamba amawonjezera kuzama kwa mphamvu yotumizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera maziko olimba a granular. Ma amplitude otsika pamodzi ndi ma frequency apamwamba nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera kwambiri pa zigawo za phula.
Kusagwirizanitsa bwino ma frequency ndi ma amplitude kungayambitse zotsatira zoyipa. Ma amplitude ambiri pa ma lifts owonda a phula amatha kuswa kapangidwe kake kapena kung'amba pamwamba. Mphamvu yosakwanira ya kugwedezeka imabweretsa kuchulukana kwa ma plateau ngakhale atadutsa kangapo. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kusintha makonda potengera makulidwe a zigawo, mtundu wosakanikirana, ndi kutentha kwa matiresi m'malo modalira ma configurations okhazikika.
Ma rollers a matayala a pneumatic amagwiritsa ntchito kukanikizana kudzera mu kukanda. M'malo moyima, amapanga kuyenda kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso kutseka pamwamba. Mu ntchito ya phula, njira imeneyi imapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tigwirizane bwino ndipo imachepetsa malo opanda kanthu pamwamba.
Kuyesa kuthamanga kwa matayala ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kuthamanga kosagwirizana kumabweretsa kugawa kwa katundu kosasinthasintha komanso kusinthasintha kwa kachulukidwe. Pa zosakaniza zotentha, ma roller opumira nthawi zambiri amayikidwa pakati, pomwe zinthuzo zimakhalabe zogwira ntchito koma zakhala zokhazikika poyamba chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa ng'oma yachitsulo.
Ma rollers osasinthasintha amadalira kulemera kwa makina okha. Ngakhale kuti sapezeka kawirikawiri pa ntchito zazikulu zogwirira ntchito pamsewu, amakhalabe ofunikira m'mizinda komwe kufalikira kwa kugwedezeka kuyenera kulamulidwa. Kukanikizana kosasinthasintha kungakhalenso kopindulitsa pa zinthu zofewa kapena zopyapyala zomwe kugwedezeka kungawononge.
Kusankha pakati pa njira zogwedeza ndi zosasinthasintha kuyenera kukhala chisankho chopangidwa mwadala, osati chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse.
Kuchepa kwa kachulukidwe ka zinthu nthawi zambiri kumayambira ku kukula kosayenera kapena pafupipafupi. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kukula kwakukulu nthawi yonse yozungulira, poganiza kuti mphamvu yayikulu imatsimikizira kukhuthala bwino. M'malo mwake, mphamvu yochulukirapo pamapeto pake imatha kusokoneza zinthu zomwe zakulungidwa kale, kuchepetsa kuchulukana kogwira ntchito.
Mapangidwe ozungulira ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti msewu uli ndi malo okwanira komanso ogwirizana bwino. Maulendo odutsa mwachisawawa kapena liwiro losasinthasintha la kuyenda amachepetsa kulimba kwa msewu. Makina amakono omanga misewu amalola mapangidwe ozungulira omwe angakonzedwe, komabe zinthuzi sizigwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira m'malo ambiri.
Kukanikiza kwa asphalt kumadalira kutentha. Mpando ukazizira pansi pa zenera lake labwino, kugwedezeka kwina kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kochepa kwa kachulukidwe. Kuchedwa pakati pa makina opaka miyala ndi ma road rollers, makamaka pa mtunda wautali kapena m'malo ozizira, kumawononga kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a zida zokanikiza.
Ngati gawo la pansi silili lolimba mofanana, mphamvu ya chozunguliracho imachepa mosagwirizana. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusiyana kwa kachulukidwe ngakhale pamene makonzedwe a chozunguliracho ali olondola. Chifukwa chake, kuyang'ana gawo la pansi lisanamangidwe ndikofunikira kuti pamwamba pake pakhale polimba.
Kuthina kwambiri kumatha kusweka kapena kukweza chogwiriracho mmwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pake pakhale kusuntha. Zolakwika izi nthawi zina zimatanthauzidwa molakwika ngati kusakwanira kukanikizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma pass ena awonjezere vutoli. Kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa anthu m'malo modalira manambala okhazikika a pass kumathandiza kupewa izi.
Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto odutsa kumawonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndipo kumawonjezera nthawi ya ntchito. Kukonza magwiridwe antchito kuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pa kulumikizana ndi kuwongolera.
Gwirizanitsani mphamvu ya makina opaka miyala kuti kutentha kuchepe.
Yambani kugubuduzika mwamsanga pamene mphasa yathandizira chogubuduzika popanda kusuntha.
Gwiritsani ntchito njira zozungulira zozungulira kuti musunge kukanikizana kosalekeza mkati mwa zenera la kutentha.
Yang'anirani kutentha kwa pamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito masensa a infrared kuti akutsogolereni kusankha nthawi.
Makina anzeru ogwirizira amatha kulemba kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe adutsa ndi deta yolimba, kupereka mamapu owoneka bwino a momwe angaphimbitsire. Deta iyi ikamasuliridwa bwino, imachepetsa kuyerekezera ndipo imaletsa kukonzanso kosafunikira.
Mkhalidwe wa makina umakhudza zotsatira za kugwedezeka. Kuwonongeka kwa makina mkati mwa makina ogwedezeka osadziwika bwino kumachepetsa kukula kwa mphamvu, ngakhale pamene malo osasinthika akuwoneka kuti sakusintha. Kuwonongeka kwa mabenchi kumawonjezera kutayika kwa kugwedezeka ndipo kungayambitse kuyenda kosazolowereka kwa ng'oma.
Kuyankha kwa injini ya hydraulic kumakhudza kusinthasintha kwa liwiro la kuyenda. Kusinthasintha kwa liwiro kumasintha kuyanjana kwa mafupipafupi a kugwedezeka ndi zinthuzo. Pa ma rollers a pneumatic, kukwera kwa matayala olakwika kumabweretsa kupsinjika kosagwirizana. Chifukwa chake, kuwunika nthawi zonse si ntchito zoyang'anira koma ntchito zofunika kwambiri.
Masensa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina anzeru ogwirizira magetsi amafunikanso kutsimikiziridwa. Zolakwika zoyendetsa kapena kuwerengera mphamvu zimasokoneza kuwerenga kwa kuuma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamakhulupirire kuti mphamvu yamagetsi yafika pamlingo woyenera.
Kukanikiza mwanzeru kumaphatikiza ma accelerometer ndi kukonza deta mkati mwa ndege kuti ayese kuuma kwa zinthu nthawi yeniyeni. Mosiyana ndi njira zachikhalidwe zomwe zimadalira kokha kuyesa kuchuluka kwa nyukiliya pambuyo pogubuduza, machitidwe awa amapereka mayankho mosalekeza panthawi yogwira ntchito.
Komabe, kukanikiza mwanzeru sikuchotsa kufunikira kwa kuwunika kwaukadaulo. Makhalidwe olimba ayenera kumasuliridwa pamodzi ndi deta ya kutentha, katundu wa zinthu, ndi makulidwe a zigawo. Kudalira mopanda chidwi pa miyeso yowonetsedwa kungapangitse kuti pakhale mfundo zosocheretsa ngati mikhalidwe yowunikira kapena malire saganiziridwa.
Akaphatikizidwa mu dongosolo lowongolera khalidwe labwino, machitidwe anzeru amawonjezera kuwonekera bwino ndikuchepetsa kusiyanasiyana kwa mapulojekiti akuluakulu.
Pamene zofunikira pa zomangamanga zikuchulukirachulukira komanso zolinga zokhazikika zikuchulukirachulukira, magwiridwe antchito a zida zomangira adzaweruzidwa osati kokha ndi kuchuluka komwe kwapezeka komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu komanso kutsata deta. Kuphatikiza makina opaka miyala ndi ma road rollers mu ntchito za digito zolumikizidwa kungakhale njira yodziwika bwino.
Kwa mainjiniya ndi magulu okonza, chinthu chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti: kumvetsetsa momwe makina amagwirira ntchito, momwe zinthu zilili, ndi momwe malo amagwirira ntchito. Makina omanga misewu amapereka zotsatira zodalirika ngati mphamvu zake zikugwirizana ndi mfundo za uinjiniya osati chizolowezi. Kuyambira pa kuvomerezedwa koyamba mpaka kutsimikizika komaliza kwa kuchulukana kwa makina, kukanikiza kumakhalabe njira yolamulidwa, osati kubwerezabwereza kwamakina.
