Umhlahlandlela Wosayizi Weqoqo Lomxube Wekhonkrithi: Isilinganiso Sokuxuba, Umthamo Wesigubhu kanye Nomphumela Wangempela
Usayizi weqoqo lokuxuba ukhonkolo kulula ukuwuqonda kabi. Umshini ungase ube nelebula elingu-350L noma elingu-500L, kodwa lelo nani alikutsheli njalo ukuthi lingakanani ikhonkolo eliqediwe elizophuma ngemva komjikelezo owodwa. Lingase libhekisele kumthamo wesigubhu, umthamo wokulayisha noma omunye umthamo olinganisiwe. Emsebenzini wangempela, inombolo ewusizo yinani umxubi angaliphatha kahle futhi alikhiphe ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokuzabalaza. Yilokho okuthinta inani lemijikelezo, umsebenzi kanye nomkhiqizo wansuku zonke.
Isilinganiso sengxube siyingxenye yengxoxo efanayo, kodwa sixazulula inkinga ehlukile. Isilinganiso sitshela abasebenzi ukuthi usimende, isihlabathi kanye ne-aggregate kulinganiswe kanjani. Umthamo wokuxuba ukutshela ukuthi umshini ungabhekana nenani laleyo nto. Ukudideka kokubili kuyindlela enhle yokugcina ngesigubhu esigcwele ngokweqile noma abasebenzi bemi belinde iqembu elilandelayo.
Ishadi Lesilinganiso Sokuhlanganiswa Okusheshayo Kwekhonkrithi Yama-Mixer Batches
Kumaqoqo amancane esayithi, izilinganiso ezifana no-1:2:3 no-1:2:4 zisasebenza ngoba wonke umuntu uyaziqonda ngokushesha. Ziphathwa kangcono njengezinkomba zasensimini, hhayi izindlela zokupheka eziqondile ezijwayelekile. Uma umsebenzi ungowesakhiwo, ubhekene nesimo sezulu esibi noma ulawulwa yincazelo yonjiniyela, umklamo wokuxuba ovunyiwe uza kuqala.
| Isilinganiso Sokuxuba Okujwayelekile | Usimende | Isihlabathi | I-Coarse Aggregate | Ireferensi Ewusizo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1:1.5:3 | Ingxenye e-1 | Izingxenye ezingu-1.5 | Izingxenye ezi-3 | Ingxube yensimu ecebile lapho kuvunyelwe khona |
| 1:2:3 | Ingxenye e-1 | Izingxenye ezimbili | Izingxenye ezi-3 | Ireferensi evamile yensimu evamile |
| 1:2:4 | Ingxenye e-1 | Izingxenye ezimbili | Izingxenye ezi-4 | Ingxube yensimu ye-Leaner yomsebenzi olula lapho kuvunyelwe khona |
| 1:3:6 | Ingxenye e-1 | Izingxenye ezi-3 | Izingxenye ezi-6 | Inkomba yekhonkrithi ethambile noma engeyona eyakhekile |
Kusho ukuthini ukuthi i-1:2:3 ku-Concrete Mixer?
Ingxube engu-1:2:3 imane nje iyinxenye eyodwa yesimende, izingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye ezintathu ze-aggregate eqinile. Uma abasebenzi besebenzisa ibhakede elingamalitha ayi-10, lokho kuba amalitha ayi-10 esimende, amalitha angama-20 esihlabathi kanye namalitha angama-30 e-aggregate. Usayizi webhakede akuyona ingxenye ebalulekile; ukusebenzisa iyunithi yokulinganisa efanayo njalo.
Amanzi kufanele aphathwe ngokwehlukana. Akufanele abe inombolo yesine engajwayelekile esilinganisweni, ngoba okuqukethwe kwamanzi kwangempela kuncike emswakama osuvele uhleli esihlabathini nasetsheni.
Uma udinga imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana ne-1:2:3, 1:2:4 kanye nezingxube zensimu ezifanayo, bheka i-ACE ishadi lesilinganiso sokuhlanganiswa kwekhonkrithi Lapha, umbuzo owusizo kakhulu ukuthi lezo zilinganiso ziziphatha kanjani uma sezingena ku-mixer yangempela.
Isilinganiso Samanzi Nesimende: Lapho Amaqoqo Endawo Evame Ukukhukhuleka
I-ACI ichaza isilinganiso sezinto ezixuba amanzi, noma i-w/cm, njengesisindo samanzi axubayo ahlukaniswe yisisindo sezinto ezixubayo. Ngakho-ke uma kusetshenziswa ama-50 kg ezinto ezixubayo ku-aw/cm engu-0.50, inani lamanzi axubayo lingu-25 kg.
Lokho kuzwakala kucocekile kuze kube yilapho ama-aggregate emanzi. Isihlabathi esigcinwe ngaphandle ngemva kwemvula singavele sithwale inani elifanele lamanzi singene edramini. Umsebenzisi angase engeze ibhakede lamanzi elifanayo ncamashi nalelo layizolo kodwa athole ingxube emanzi kakhulu.
Isihlabathi Esimanzi Singashintsha Ingxube Ngaphambi Kokuthi Ipayipi Livulwe
I-Aggregate ngokuvamile yakha ingxenye enkulu yomthamo wekhonkrithi. I-NRMCA ibeka inani cishe ku- 60–75% . Uma iningi leqoqo liyisihlabathi namatshe, umswakama womphezulu kulezo zinto akuyona into encane.
Uma isihlabathi esimanzi siphathwa njengesihlabathi esomile, umswakama owengeziwe uba yingxenye yamanzi axutshwayo buthule. Ingxube ingase ibukeke ibushelelezi futhi kulula ukuyikhipha, kodwa i-w/cm yangempela ishintshile. Ngokombono womqhubi, akukho okusobala okwenzekile. Ngokombono wokhonkolo, kuningi okwenzekile.
Kungani Amanzi Engeziwe Ezwakala Ewusizo Ekuqaleni
Ukwengeza amanzi kusebenza ngokushesha, yingakho nje kuyakhanga. I-NRMCA inikeza umthetho osebenzayo wokuthi cishe amalitha ama-5 amanzi engeziwe nge-cubic meter ngayinye angandisa ukwehla cishe ngamamilimitha angu-25 . Endaweni, lowo mehluko kulula ukuwubona.
Ububi buvela kamuva. Amanzi angaphezu kwenani lomklamo angalibazisa ukusetha, anciphise amandla, athinte ukuqina futhi andise ingozi yokuqhekeka. Ingxube emanzi ingenza imizuzu eyishumi elandelayo ibe lula ngenkathi idala izinkinga ezihlala kukhonkolo iminyaka eminingi.
Usayizi Weqoqo Lomxube Wekhonkrithi: Umthamo Wesigubhu Awukaqedi Ukuphuma
Yilapho izingcaphuno zemishini zingaba khona ukudideka. Omunye umhlinzeki angabonisa ivolumu yesigubhu. Omunye angakhuluma ngomthamo wokulayisha. Omunye wesithathu anganikeza umthamo wokukhipha. Zonke izinombolo ezintathu zingaba zilungile futhi ziqhubeke zichaza izinto ezahlukene.
| Ithemu Lomthamo | Lokho Okuchazayo | Lokho Umthengi Okudingeka Akwazi |
|---|---|---|
| Ivolumu yesigubhu | Isikhala esiphelele ngaphakathi kwesigubhu | Ungakuphathi njengomphumela oqediwe |
| Umthamo wokulayisha | Izinto ezilayishiwe zomjikelezo owodwa wokusebenza | Hlola umthwalo wokusebenza onconywayo |
| Umthamo wokukhipha | Ikhonkrithi exubile iyatholakala ngemva kweqoqo elilodwa | Sebenzisa lokhu ekuhleleni umsebenzi |
| Umphumela wehora | Ukukhiqizwa kwemijikelezo ephindaphindwayo | Hlola ukuthi kucatshangelwe isikhathi sokulayisha kanye nesikhathi somjikelezo |
Umshini wokuxuba udinga isikhala esisele ngaphakathi kwesigubhu ngoba ama-blade kufanele aphakamise futhi adilize izinto. Uma isigubhu sigcwele kakhulu, umshini ungase uqhubeke ujika, kodwa izinto zinendawo encane yokuhamba endleleni yokuxuba. Izinto eziningi esigubhuni akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi ukhonkolo oluwusizo kakhulu luphuma kuso.
Umhlahlandlela we-ACE ku- umthamo wokuxuba ukhonkolo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhipha kujula kakhulu kulo mehluko.
350L, 400L noma 500L: Yimuphi Usayizi Wokuxuba Onengqondo?
I-ACE yamanje amamodeli okuxuba ukhonkolo faka izinhlobo ezingama-350L, 400L kanye nama-500L ezinezinketho zikaphethiloli, udizili kanye namandla kagesi. Lawa malebula osayizi awusizo ekunciphiseni uhlu, kodwa awanele ngokwawo.
| Ikilasi Lokuxuba | Lapho Kuvame Ukufaneleka Khona | Okufanele Kuqinisekiswe |
|---|---|---|
| 350L | Ukuthululwa okuncane, ukulungiswa, izikhala kanye nomsebenzi wokwakha ohambayo | Usayizi we-batch ongasetshenziswa, umthombo wamandla kanye nendlela yokukhipha |
| 400L | Ukuhlanganisa indawo njalo kanye nomsebenzi wokwakha ophindaphindwayo | Umthamo wokusebenza, ukwakheka kwe-blade, ukudluliselwa kanye nohlaka |
| 500L | Amaqoqo amakhulu aphindaphindwayo ezindaweni ezincane neziphakathi | Ivolumu yokukhipha, ukuphakama kokulayisha, isidingo samandla kanye nokuthuthwa |
Umshini omkhulu wokuxuba ugcina kuphela uma ingxenye esele yesakhiwo ikwazi ukuhambisana nayo. Uma i-aggregate ifika kancane, abasebenzi bancane noma ukhonkolo kufanele uthuthwe ibanga elide ngemva kokukhipha, isigubhu esikhulu singachitha isikhathi esimangalisayo silindile.
Ngaleso sizathu, osonkontileka kufanele baqhathanise umkhiqizo we-batch ongasetshenziswa kanye nesikhathi sokujikeleza kunokuba baqhathanise amalitha kuphela. Abathengisi nezinkampani eziqashisayo kudingeka babheke ezokuthutha, amandla amasondo, ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kanye nohlobo lwamakhasimende angase asebenzise umshini.
Uyiguqula Kanjani Isilinganiso Sokuxuba sibe Yi-One Mixer Batch?
Thatha isibonelo esilula esingu-1:2:3 futhi. Ukusebenzisa ibhakede elilodwa elingamalitha ayi-10 kunikeza:
| Izinto | Isibonelo Ubuningi |
|---|---|
| Usimende | 10 L |
| Isihlabathi | 20 L |
| Iqoqo elihlanganisiwe | 30 L |
| Amanzi | Kulawulwa ngokwehlukana ngokuya nge-w/cm kanye nomswakama ohlanganisiwe |
Okungakuniki amalitha angu-60 ekhonkrithi eliqediwe. Isihlabathi sihlala ezikhaleni eziphakathi kwezinhlayiya ezinkulu, i-samente paste igcwalisa izikhala ezincane bese yonke inqwaba iba lukhuni njengoba ixubana. Umthamo wezithako ezomile kanye nomkhiqizo wokugcina wekhonkrithi akulona inani elifanayo.
Ngomsebenzi olula wasensimini, ukuhlanganisa ivolumu kungaba lula. Ngomsebenzi wobunjiniyela, ukulinganisa izinto kanye nokulandela umklamo wengxube ovunyiwe kunikeza ukulawula okuqinile kakhulu. Ifosholo iyithuluzi eliwusizo; akuyona ithuluzi lokuhlanganisa ngokunembile.
Ukulayisha i-oda kanye nesikhathi sokuxuba kusabalulekile
Uma usayizi webhetshi usuqondakala, umsebenzi olandelayo ukuhambisana. Izinto kufanele zilinganiswe ngendlela efanayo kusukela kubhetshi kuya kubhetshi, futhi umxube udinga isikhathi esanele sokusabalalisa i-cement paste nge-aggregate kahle.
Ukuhleleka kokulayisha kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomklamo wokuxuba kanye nesimo sezinto ezibonakalayo, ngakho-ke akusizi ngalutho ukwenza sengathi uchungechunge olulodwa lusebenza kuwo wonke umshini. Umhlahlandlela we-ACE ku indlela yokuxuba ukhonkolo ku-mixer ihlanganisa inqubo yokusebenza ngokwehlukana. Uma uhlola isivinini sokujikeleza nesikhathi sokuxuba, umhlahlandlela wokuthi isivinini sesigubhu sokuxuba ukhonkolo yiyona ndlela engcono yokubhekisela.
Ikhonkrithi exutshwe kahle inikeza isibonelo esiwusizo sokuthi ukungezwa kwamanzi sekwephuzile kuphathwa kanjani ngokucophelela. I-NRMCA iphawula ukuthi i-ASTM C94/C94M idinga ukujikeleza okwengeziwe okungu-30 kwe-mixer ngesivinini sokuxuba ngemva kokungezwa kwamanzi noma ukuxuba endaweni yokusebenza. Lowo mthetho usebenza emalorini axutshwe kahle, hhayi ngokuzenzakalelayo kubaxubi bendawo abaphathwayo, kodwa isifundo esiyisisekelo sisasebenza: amanzi angeziwe ekugcineni kusamele axutshwe kulo lonke ibhetshi.
Izinkinga Ezivamile Zeqembu Zibonwa Esizeni
| Inkinga | Okwenzeka Ngokuvamile | Indlela Engcono |
|---|---|---|
| Isigubhu sigcwele kakhulu | Izinto zinendawo encane yokudilika | Hlala ngaphakathi kwamandla okusebenza alinganisiwe |
| Amanzi anezelwe ngamehlo | Izinguquko zangempela ze-w/cm kusuka ku-batch kuya ku-batch | Kala amanzi bese ubheka umswakama ohlanganisiwe |
| Isihlabathi esimanzi siphathwa njengomile | Amanzi engeziwe angena engabonwa | Lungisa amanzi engeziwe uma umswakama ogciniwe ushintsha |
| Ukuxuba kume kusenesikhathi kakhulu | Iqembu lingase lihlale lingalingani | Landela isiqondiso somshini bese uhlola ukukhishwa kwawo |
| Ingxube eyodwa isetshenziswa yonke indawo | Ukhonkolo ungase ungafaneleki emsebenzini | Landela imininingwane edingekayo |
| Ukuthenga ngamalitha edrama kuphela | Umphumela wangempela ungase ube ngaphansi kunalokho obekulindelwe | Qhathanisa umthamo wokukhipha kanye nesikhathi somjikelezo |
Yini Umthengi Okufanele Ayihlole Ngaphambi Koku-oda?
Qala ngomsebenzi. Kudingeka kufakwe ukhonkolo ongakanani ngosuku olulodwa? Kufanele kube nkulu kangakanani ibhetshi ngayinye? Ingabe ugesi uyatholakala, noma ingabe indawo idinga uphethiloli noma udizili? Ingabe umshini wokuxuba ungathuthwa kalula phakathi kwezindawo zokusebenza?
Bese ubheka umshini ngokwawo. Hlola umthamo wokukhipha, ukuhlelwa kwe-blade, ukwakhiwa kwedrama, ukudluliselwa, uhlaka, amasondo kanye nokufinyelela kwesevisi. Kumuntu oqasha izimoto noma umthengisi, izingxenye ezisele zibalulekile njengentengo yokuqala yokuthenga. I-mixer eshibhile iba ngeshibhile uma i-bearing noma ibhande elivamile lithatha amasonto amathathu ukufika.
I-ACE Uhlu lokuhlola lokuxuba ukhonkolo ihlanganisa uhlangothi lwemishini ngemininingwane eminingi. Abathengi abaqhathanisa imishini yeselula bangasebenzisa futhi umhlahlandlela wokuthenga wokuxuba ukhonkolo oluphathekayo .
Uma ucela ikhotheshini, thumela umkhiqizo olindelekile we-batch, uhlobo lwekhonkrithi, umthombo wamandla otholakalayo, ukufinyelela endaweni kanye nomsebenzi ojwayelekile wansuku zonke. Leyo mininingwane inika umhlinzeki okuthile okuwusizo ukusebenza ngakho. I-"Ngithumelele i-mixer yakho enkulu" ngokuvamile ayithumeli.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngosayizi Weqoqo Lomxubi Wekhonkrithi
Ingabe umxube wekhonkrithi ongu-350L ukhiqiza ukhonkrithi oqediwe ongu-350L?
Akunjalo ngempela. Isibalo esingu-350L singachaza ivolumu yesigubhu noma omunye umthamo olinganisiwe. Hlola umthamo wokuxuba nokukhipha ongasetshenziswa womodeli ngaphambi kokuhlela ukukhiqiza.
Ingabe ivolumu yesigubhu iyafana nokukhishwa kwekhonkrithi?
Cha. Umthamo wesigubhu yisikhala esibonakalayo ngaphakathi kwe-mixer. Izinto zisadinga indawo yokuhamba, ngakho-ke usayizi webhetshi ongasetshenziswa kanye nomkhiqizo oqediwe kungaba ngaphansi.
Yisiphi isilinganiso esihle kakhulu sokuxuba ukhonkolo se-mixer?
Umxubi akanqumi isilinganiso. Izingxube ezijwayelekile ezifana ne-1:2:3 zingaba yizinkomba eziwusizo zensimu, kodwa ukhonkolo wesakhiwo kufanele ulandele amandla adingekayo, izimo zokuvezwa kanye nomklamo wengxube ovunyiwe.
Ingabe isihlabathi esimanzi siyawushintsha umthamo wamanzi adingekayo?
Yebo. Umswakama wangaphandle okhululekile esihlabathini uba yingxenye yamanzi axubayo. Uma unganakwa, i-w/cm yangempela ingakhuphuka ngisho nalapho opharetha enezela inani elifanayo lamanzi njengenjwayelo.
Ingabe kufanele ngikhethe umxube we-350L noma we-500L?
Khetha kusukela kumthamo webhetshi ongasetshenziswa, ukukhishwa kwansuku zonke, ukunikezwa kwamandla, usayizi weqembu, ezokuthutha kanye nokufinyelela endaweni. Isigaba samalitha sisiza ukunciphisa izinketho, kodwa akufanele senze isinqumo sokugcina ngokwaso.
Amathegi: usayizi webhetshi lokuxuba ukhonkolo, ivolumu yokuxuba ukhonkolo, isilinganiso sokuxuba ukhonkolo, ukuxuba ukhonkolo okungu-350L, ukuxuba ukhonkolo okungu-500L, isilinganiso sokuhlanganiswa kwesihlabathi sesamente, umkhiqizo wokuxuba ukhonkolo, umthamo wokuxuba ukhonkolo, ukuhlanganisa ukhonkolo, ukuxuba ukhonkolo okuphathekayo
