Pehea e helu ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pena māka alanui a me nā bead aniani
Hoʻomaka ka helu ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pena māka alanui hilinaʻi me ka wahi e loaʻa ai nā mea. ʻAʻole lawa ka lōʻihi o ke alanui wale nō: hoʻokahi kilomita o ka laina paʻa 100 mm, hoʻokahi kilomita o ka laina haʻihaʻi 150 mm a me kahi keʻa zebra e hana i nā wahi pena like ʻole.
E helu mua i ka ʻāpana māka, e hoʻololi iā ia i ka pena a i ʻole ka nui thermoplastic, a laila e helu i nā momi aniani hāʻule. E hoʻohui i kahi ʻae kūʻai ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ke kauoha, ke alakaʻi a ka mea hoʻolako a i ʻole nā moʻolelo kahua i hōʻoia ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki i kahi mīkini helu ke hoʻopakele i kahi ʻano laina hewa; e hoʻopuka wale ia i ka pane hewa me ka hilinaʻi kupaianaha.
Heluhelu Pena Māka Alanui: Nā ʻAno Kumu ʻEhā
ʻĀpana i hōʻailona ʻia = ka lōʻihi o ka laina × ka laulā o ka laina × ka helu māka
Ka nui o ka thermoplastic = ka ʻāpana i hōʻailona ʻia × ka nui o ka mea i kuhikuhi ʻia
Ka nui o nā momi aniani = wahi i hōʻailona ʻia × ka nui o nā momi i kuhikuhi ʻia
Ka nui kūʻai = ka nui i helu ʻia × kumu ʻae papahana
E hoʻohana i nā mika no ka lōʻihi a me ka laulā, no laila e lilo ka 100 mm i 0.10 m. No ka thermoplastic, e hoʻohana i ka helu kg/m² i paʻi ʻia a i ʻole e helu i ka nuipa mai ka mānoanoa a me ka nui. No ka pena anu wai, e hoʻohana i ka mānoanoa ʻili pulu a i ʻole ka ʻikepili uhi o ka mea hana.
KaʻAnuʻu Hana 1: E helu i ka ʻĀpana Māka Maoli
Nā Laina Paʻa a me nā Laina Kuʻi
ʻO kahi laina paʻa 1,000 m he 100 mm ka laulā e uhi ana i ka 1,000 × 0.10 = 100 m² . Pono kahi laina kuʻi i kahi mea hōʻailona. Me 3 m o ka pena i ukali ʻia e kahi hakahaka 6 m, ʻo ke kumu he 3 ÷ 9, a i ʻole 0.333. No laila, ʻo kahi ala 1,000 m me kahi laina haki 150 mm e uhi ana i ka 1,000 × 0.15 × 0.333 = 50 m² . ʻO ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana i nā hakahaka e hoʻonui ʻekolu i ke kauoha, ʻo ia kekahi ala e hoʻomanaʻo ai ka luna hale kūʻai i kou inoa.
Nā Keʻa, nā Pua a me nā Hōʻailona
E helu i nā keʻa zebra, nā laina kū a me nā wahi kaʻa mai ko lākou geometry i pena ʻia. He ʻumikūmālua mau kaola keʻa e ana ana i 4 m ma 0.5 m e uhi ana i 24 m² . No nā pua a me nā leka, e hoʻohana i ka ʻāpana polygon i pena ʻia mai ke kiʻi CAD no ka mea ʻo ka huinahā e hoʻopuni ana e komo pū ana me nā wahi i pena ʻole ʻia.
KaʻAnuʻu Hana 2: E helu i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka pena māka alanui
Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pena māka alanui Thermoplastic
Hoʻohana ka kuhi ikaika loa i ka helu i kuhikuhi ʻia no ka mea i koho ʻia. Hoʻopuka ʻo SWARCO i kahi ʻōnaehana SWARCOTHERM 30 i hoʻāʻo ʻia ma kahi mānoanoa papa 2.0 mm me 4.00 kg/m² o ka thermoplastic a me 0.35 kg/m² o ka mea hāʻule . Ma 100 m², ua like ia me 400 kg a me 35 kg ma mua o kekahi ʻae ʻia o ka papahana. No kēlā ʻōnaehana huahana kēia mau helu, no laila e hoʻohana i kahi pepa ʻikepili mea ʻē aʻe ke loli ke ʻano a i ʻole ka mānoanoa.
| Hōʻailona hoʻohālike | Wahi i pena ʻia | Thermoplastic ma 4.00 kg/m² | Mea hāʻule ma 0.35 kg/m² |
|---|---|---|---|
| Laina paʻa 1 km, laulā 100 mm | 100 m² | 400 kg | 35 kg |
| Laina haki 1 km, laulā 150 mm, hoʻolālā 3 m/6 m | 50 m² | 200 kg | 17.5 kg |
| 12 mau kaola keʻa, 4 m × 0.5 m | 24 m² | 96 kg | 8.4 kg |
Hoʻohana kēia mau helu ʻana i nā helu noi SWARCOTHERM 30 i paʻi ʻia. ʻAʻole lākou he mau helu ākea no kēlā me kēia huahana thermoplastic.
Pena Wai a me ke Anu
No ka pena wai, hoʻokahi mika kuea ma ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili pulu o 1 mm e pono ai hoʻokahi lita ma ke kumumanaʻo. E hoʻohana i ka nui o ka pena = ka ʻāpana × ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili pulu . Ke kuhikuhi wale ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili maloʻo, e hoʻohana i ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili pulu = ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili maloʻo ÷ ka nui o nā mea paʻa .
Pono kahi ʻili maloʻo 0.30 mm mai ka pena me nā mea paʻa he 60% i kahi ʻili pulu 0.50 mm, a i ʻole 50 lita ma luna o 100 m². E hoʻololi i ka 60% me ka waiwai i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pepa ʻikepili loea o ka pena i koho ʻia ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kahi helu kūpono mai kahi huahana ʻē aʻe.
KaʻAnuʻu Hana 3: E helu i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka bead aniani
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻākāka ʻana o ka papahana ma mua o ka nui o nā beads maʻamau. Hōʻike ʻo FHWA ʻo ka nui o nā beads thermoplastic drop-on maʻamau mai 6-12 lb no 100 ft² , ma kahi o 0.29-0.59 kg/m² . Ma 100 m², hōʻike kēia ma kahi o 29-59 kg. Hoʻomaopopo pū ʻo FHWA ua nalowale nā beads keu ma o ka overspray a i ʻole ka hoʻokomo ʻole ʻana, no laila ʻaʻole like ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka hopper me ka nui i mālama ʻia i loko o ka laina.
| Wahi i pena ʻia | Ma 0.29 kg/m² | Ma 0.35 kg/m² | Ma 0.59 kg/m² |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 m² | 14.5 kg | 17.5 kg | 29.5 kg |
| 100 m² | 29 kg | 35 kg | 59 kg |
| 500 m² | 145 kg | 175 kg | 295 kg |
ʻO ke kaumaha o nā beads he ʻāpana wale nō ia o ka nānā ʻana i ka hana. Ua wehewehe ʻo FHWA e hana pono nā beads poepoe ke hoʻokomo ʻia ma kahi o 50%–60% o ko lākou anawaena i loko o ka māka. Hiki i nā beads e kau ana ma ke kiʻekiʻe loa ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma lalo o ke kaʻa, ʻoiai ʻo nā beads i kanu hohonu loa e hōʻike ana i ka ʻili liʻiliʻi i ke kukui o ke kukui poʻo. E hoʻohana i kahi kaha calibration e nānā i ka laulā o ka laina, ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā beads a me ke komo ʻana, ʻaʻole wale inā haʻalele ka mea i ka pahu.
No ke aha e hiki ai i ka mānoanoa ke hoʻololi nui i ke kauoha
Kuhikuhi ʻo NCDOT i 90 mils, ma kahi o 2.29 mm , no nā laina waena, nā laina skip, nā crosswalks, nā laina lihi a me nā pua. Kuhikuhi ʻia nā māka rumble-strip transverse ma 240 mils, ma kahi o 6.10 mm . Ma luna o ka wahi i pena ʻia, aia ka ʻaoʻao 240 mil ma kahi o 2.67 mau manawa o ka nui o ka mea o ka māka 90 mil ma mua o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka density a me nā pohō o ke kahua.
| Laʻana hōʻailona NCDOT | Mānoanoa i kuhikuhi ʻia | Ka nui o nā mea ma luna o 100 m² | Ka nui pili |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ka laina waena, ke ala hele wāwae a i ʻole ka pua | 90 mil / 2.29 mm | Ma kahi o 229 lita | 1.00 |
| Ka māka ʻana o ka ʻāpana halulu transverse | 240 mil / 6.10 mm | Ma kahi o 610 lita | 2.67 |
ʻO kēia ke kumu ʻaʻohe pane honua no ka "pena i koi ʻia no kēlā me kēia kilomita". Pono e ʻike ʻia ka laulā, ka lakio laina haʻihaʻi, ka mānoanoa, ka nui a me ka ʻāpana hōʻailona. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻili, ka hana hoʻomaka-hoʻōki a me nā mea i waiho ʻia i loko o nā ipu hao a i ʻole nā kāmaʻa a laila e wehewehe i kahi hapa o ka hakahaka ma waena o ka hopena kumumanaʻo a me ka moʻolelo hope loa. E hoʻohana i kahi kumu pohō i ana ʻia mai ka hana hoʻohālikelike ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻae honua.
E nānā i ka nui o nā mea e kūʻē i ka mana o ka mīkini
Pono e hoʻopau ʻia ka helu ʻana me kahi hoʻolālā hoʻouka kūpono. Hoʻokahi ACE thermoplastic mīkini hōʻailona alanui papa inoa i kahi pahu hoʻoulu 105 kg , kahi pahu bead aniani 25 kg a me kahi pae uhi hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia o 1.2–4 mm. No laila, ʻo ka laʻana laina paʻa 1 km e pono ai ma kahi o ʻehā mau ukana pahu thermoplastic a me ʻelua mau ukana pahu bead ma mua o kekahi ʻae papahana i hōʻoia ʻia.
Hoʻololi ka unahi mīkini i ka hoʻolālā. Pono ʻo NCDOT i nā kaʻa māka laina lōʻihi e lawe ma ka liʻiliʻi he 1,500 lb, ma kahi o 680 kg , o ka thermoplastic heheʻe i loko o ka ipu hao mālama applicator. ʻAʻole pili kēlā koi i kahi handliner, akā hōʻike ia i ke kumu e pono ai nā hoʻonohonoho hoʻoheheʻe a me ka hoʻopiha hou ʻana i nā alaloa a me nā hana keʻa pōkole.
Papa Inoa Manaʻo no nā Mea Hōʻailona Alanui
Ma mua o ke kauoha ʻana, e hōʻoia i ka ʻāpana i pena ʻia, ke ʻano laina, ka laulā, ka mānoanoa, ka pepa ʻikepili mea, ke ʻano o nā momi aniani, ka nui o ka noi, ka nui o ka pūʻolo a me ka hiki o ka mīkini. E mālama i nā momi i kāwili mua ʻia a me nā momi hāʻule ma ke ʻano he mau mea kaʻawale. ʻO ka hope loa, e hoʻohālikelike i ka laina i hoʻokomo ʻia me ke koi retroreflectivity o ka papahana no ka mea ʻo ke kaumaha o ka momi i helu ʻia he mea hoʻokomo, ʻaʻole he hopena ʻae.
Ma ke ʻano he hoʻohālikelike kūhelu, koi ʻo NCDOT ma ka liʻiliʻi he 375 mcd/lux/m² no ke keʻokeʻo a me 250 mcd/lux/m² no nā māka thermoplastic melemele e hoʻohana ana i nā momi aniani maʻamau. No nā mea hoʻopili aniani kiʻekiʻe, piʻi nā waiwai like i 800 a me 600 mcd/lux/m². No laila, hiki i kahi mea hoʻopuka ke hāʻawi i ke kaumaha i hoʻolālā ʻia a hana mau i kahi laina i hiki ʻole ke ʻae ʻia ke hewa ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka momi a i ʻole ke kau ʻana.
Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia
ʻEhia ka nui o ka pena thermoplastic e pono ai no kēlā me kēia mika kuea?
E hoʻohana i ka helu i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka huahana i koho ʻia a me ka mānoanoa o ka papa. E like me kekahi laʻana i paʻi ʻia, hoʻohana ʻo SWARCOTHERM 30 i 4.00 kg/m² ma 2.0 mm.
ʻEhia ka nui o ka thermoplastic e pono ai no 1 km o ka laina paʻa 100 mm?
ʻO 100 m² ka nui o ka wahi i pena ʻia. Ma 4.00 kg/m², ʻo ka nui thermoplastic theoretical he 400 kg ma mua o ka ʻae ʻia no ka papahana.
Ehia mau momi aniani e pono ai no kēlā me kēia mika kuea?
E hahai i nā kikoʻī o ka ʻaelike. Hōʻike ʻo FHWA i kahi pae hāʻule thermoplastic maʻamau ma kahi o 0.29–0.59 kg/m².
Pono anei e hoʻokomo ʻia nā momi i kāwili mua ʻia i ka helu ʻana o ka hāʻule ʻana?
ʻAʻole. Aia nā momi i kāwili mua ʻia i loko o ka hui māka, ʻoiai ua hoʻopili ʻia nā momi kulu ma ka ʻili alanui. E papa inoa a kūʻai iā lākou ma ke kaʻawale.
