Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Ulimi
Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Ukuthola ukhonkolo omuhle akukhona nje ngokuthenga usimende ofanele. Emsebenzini wangempela, umphumela wokugcina uncike kakhulu endleleni ibhetshi exutshwa ngayo. Isilinganiso esibi senhlanganisela yekhonkolo , amanzi amaningi kakhulu, noma ukuhleleka okungalungile kokuxuba konke kunganciphisa amandla futhi kubangele izinkinga ebusweni kamuva. Yingakho abasebenzisi abaningi befuna indlela yokuxuba ukhonkolo kahle ngaphambi kokuba baqale i-slab, isisekelo, i-post yocingo noma isisekelo. Umgomo ulula. Ufuna ingxube eqinile, elinganayo, esebenzayo futhi elula ukuyibeka. Ukuze ufinyelele lowo mphumela, udinga izinto ezifanele, isilinganiso esifanele, kanye nendlela yokuxuba ehlala ifana kusukela kubhetshi lokuqala kuya kokugcina. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uxuba ukhonkolo ngesandla noma usebenzisa i-drum mixer ephathekayo, umthetho ofanayo uyasebenza: uma ibhetshi ingalawulwa, ikhwalithi ngeke ilawulwe futhi.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhetha isilinganiso esifanele sokuxuba ukhonkolo somsebenzi. Izinkinga eziningi ziqala ngoba abasebenzisi baqala ukuxuba ngaphandle kokunquma ukuthi yimaphi amandla ukhonkolo owadingayo ngempela. Ngomsebenzi ojwayelekile, umhlahlandlela ojwayelekile yisilinganiso esingu-1:2:3, okusho ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa yesamente, izingxenye ezimbili zesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye ezintathu ezihlanganisiwe. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuchaza izilinganiso eziyisisekelo zokuxuba ukhonkolo ngoba kulula ukukhumbula futhi kulula ukukuhlanganisa endaweni. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umsebenzi odinga ingxube efanayo. Isilinganiso sokuxuba ukhonkolo sezisekelo singase singalingani nengxube engcono kakhulu yendlela yokungena noma i-slab. Uma usebenzisa i-ballast, isilinganiso naso siyashintsha. Ngokwezinto ezingokoqobo, ingxube engcono kakhulu akuyona ingxube enamandla kakhulu kuzo zonke izimo. Yingxube enikeza amandla anele, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokubekwa okuzinzile komsebenzi ophambi kwakho.
Uma isilinganiso sesikhethiwe, gcina indlela yokulinganisa ilula futhi iphindaphindwa. Ungahlanganisi ngefosholo uma ufuna umphumela ozinzile. Ifosholo yesihlabathi ayivamile ukulingana nefosholo yetshe, futhi lokho kwenza ingxube isuke kwelinye iqoqwa iye kwelinye. Kungcono kakhulu ukuhlanganisa ngebhakede. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ufuna ukufeza isilinganiso esivumelanayo sokuxuba ukhonkolo ngevolumu . Ezindaweni ezincane, lo mkhuba uvame ukwenza umehluko omkhulu kunokushintsha izinto. Uma isilinganiso sihlala sifana, kuba lula kakhulu ukulawula ingxube, ukuqhathanisa amaqoqwana, nokuthola izinkinga kusenesikhathi.
Ngemva kokulinganiswa kwezinto ezomile, iphuzu elilandelayo elibalulekile ngamanzi. Abasebenzisi abaningi bagxila kusimende kanye ne-aggregate, kodwa iphuzu lokulawula langempela isilinganiso sikasimende samanzi ukhonkolo uncike kuso. Uma kusetshenziswa amanzi amancane kakhulu, ingxube ingaba nzima ukuyiphendula futhi kube nzima ukuyibeka. Uma kusetshenziswa amanzi amaningi kakhulu, ingxube iyakhululeka futhi kube lula ukuyithulula, kodwa ukhonkolo oqediwe uba buthakathaka. Yingakho imibuzo efana nokuthi ingakanani amanzi okufanele ixutshwe ukhonkolo kanye nesilinganiso samanzi esingcono kakhulu sengxube kakhonkolo ivame kangaka. Abantu bavame ukuzama ukuxazulula inkinga efanayo: bafuna inqwaba esebenza ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla.
Indlela ephephile kakhulu ukufaka amanzi kancane. Ungawathululi wonke amanzi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Qala ngenani elikhulu elihleliwe, bese uxuba inqwaba bese uyihlola ngaphambi kokufaka amanye. Lokhu kukunikeza ukulawula okungcono kokuvumelana kwengxube yekhonkrithi . Inqwaba efanele kufanele ibambe ndawonye, imboze kahle i-aggregate, futhi ihlale ipulasitiki ngaphandle kokubukeka njengesobho. Uma ingxube iba manzi kakhulu, inkinga inkulu kakhulu kunokubukeka okubi. Abasebenzisi abaningi bayabuza, kwenzekani uma ufaka amanzi amaningi kukhonkrithi . Impendulo ilula. Ikhonkrithi ingancipha kakhulu, iqhekeke kalula, futhi ilahlekelwe amandla okucindezela. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukusebenza kangcono, qala uhlole isilinganiso, indlela yokuhlanganisa kanye nesikhathi sokuxuba. Amanzi kufanele abe ukulungiswa kokugcina okuncane, hhayi indlela emfushane yokuqala.
Uma isilinganiso namanzi sekulawulekile, isinqumo esilandelayo ukuthi ungaxuba kanjani. Ngomsebenzi omncane kakhulu, ukuxuba ukhonkolo ngesandla kusasebenza. Kufanelana nokupeyinta, ukulungiswa okuncane kanye nemisebenzi lapho ukufinyelela kulinganiselwe khona. Ukuxuba ngesandla kusiza abasebenzisi ukuthi bafunde ukuthi ibhetshi elihle libukeka futhi lizizwa kanjani. Noma kunjalo, ukuxuba ngesandla kunemingcele. Kudinga umzamo owengeziwe, kunzima ukugcina ibhetshi ngayinye ifana, futhi kuba nzima uma ivolumu ikhuphuka. Uma udinga imithwalo eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukukhetha okungcono kuvame ukuxuba ukhonkolo ku-mixer kakhonkolo .
I-mixer ephathekayo ithuthukisa ukuhambisana ngoba i-drum iphendula izinto ngokulinganayo kunamathuluzi esandla. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu lapho umsebenzi udinga ama-batch aphindaphindwayo, njengesisekelo seshedi, indlela noma umugqa wokubeka. Ukusebenza kahle kwe-concrete ephathekayo mixer akuyona inkimbinkimbi, kodwa kudinga ukuzithiba. I-mixer kufanele ime endaweni eqinile, eqondile. I-drum akufanele igcwale ngokweqile. Izinto kufanele zihambe ngokulandelana okulawulwayo, futhi i-batch kufanele ihlolwe ngaphambi kokukhishwa. Yilapho umhlahlandlela wamandla we-concrete mixer osebenzayo uba usizo khona. Uma i-drum igcwele kakhulu, izinto azikwazi ukugoba kahle, futhi ingxube iba engalingani. Kuleso simo, umshini uyasebenza, kodwa ikhwalithi ye-batch isivele yehla.
Ngenqubo yokuxuba imigqomo yokuxuba ukhonkolo , gcina ukulandelana kulula ukukuphinda. Qala ngengxenye yamanzi, bese ufaka ingxenye yesihlabathi, kulandele usimende, bese kuba nezinto ezomile ezisele. Ngemuva kwalokho, engeza amanzi asele kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho ingxube ifinyelela ukulingana okufanele. Imikhiqizo ehlukene ingase iphakamise ama-oda ahlukene kancane, ngakho-ke imiyalelo yesikhwama kanye nencwadi yokuxuba kufanele kuhlolwe njalo. Noma kunjalo, isimiso esiyinhloko sihlala sifana. Ungalahli konke esigubhini bese uthemba ukuthi kuzozilungisa. I-oda lokulayisha elihleliwe linikeza ukuxuba okungcono futhi lisiza ukuvimbela amaphakethe omile.
Umqondo ofanayo usebenza ngesikhathi sokuxuba. Abasebenzisi bavame ukubuza ukuthi ukuxuba ukhonkolo isikhathi esingakanani noma ukuthi ukuxuba ukhonkolo isikhathi esingakanani ku-mixer . Empeleni, impendulo incike kusayizi we-batch kanye nohlobo lwe-mixer, kodwa umgomo uhlala ufana. Ingxube kufanele ibe nombala ofanayo, ngisho nangomswakama, ngisho nangokwakheka. Uma ingxenye ye-batch ibukeka iphaphathekile futhi yomile kanti enye ingxenye ibukeka imanzi futhi isinda, ayikakulungeli. I-drum kufanele iqhubeke iphenduka kuze kube yilapho i-paste imboza kahle i-aggregate futhi yonke i-batch iziphatha njengento eyodwa. Leyo futhi yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthuthukisa ukuhambisana kokuxuba i-drum mixer nokunciphisa ukwehluka phakathi kwama-batch.
Ngaphambi kokuba ibhetshi isetshenziswe, thatha isikhashana uhlole ukuthi ixutshwe kahle yini. Lesi sinyathelo silula, kodwa sisiza ekuqedeni izinkinga eziningi kamuva. Ibhetshi elihle kufanele libukeke liqinile, libushelelezi futhi lilingana. Akufanele libe nemigqa yesamente eyomile, amatshe ahlukanisiwe noma amanzi ahleli phezu kwayo. Uma iphathwa ngefosholo, ingxube kufanele igcine isimo sayo isikhashana ngaphambi kokuba ihlale kancane. Lokho kuyisibonakaliso esisebenzayo sokuvumelana kahle kwengxube yesamente . Uma ithululwa njenge-slurry, imanzi kakhulu. Uma iqhekeka futhi yenqaba ukubopha, iyomile kakhulu.
Lena futhi indlela elula yokuphendula umbuzo, izimpawu zekhonkrithi zixutshwe kahle . Emsebenzini wansuku zonke, ingxube kufanele izwakale ilinganisiwe. Kufanele ihambe, kodwa ingagijimi. Kufanele ibambe ndawonye, kodwa ingazizwa ilukhuni. Uma usubona lokho kulinganisela izikhathi ezimbalwa, ukwahlulela iqembu kuba lula kakhulu. Yingakho opharetha abanolwazi bevame ukugxila kancane kumbono kodwa kakhulu enkambisweni ephindaphindwayo. Lapho isilinganiso, amanzi, ukuhleleka kokulayisha kanye nesikhathi sokuxuba konke kulawulwa, umphumela uba obikezelayo. Leyo yincazelo yangempela yamasu okuxuba ikhonkrithi afanele .
Kuleli qophelo, izingozi ezinkulu azisafihliwe. Amaqoqo amaningi abuthakathaka avela emaphutheni amancane avamile. Elinye lishintsha isilinganiso phakathi nomsebenzi. Elinye lifaka amanzi engeziwe ngoba nje inqwaba ibonakala iqinile ebhasikidini. Elinye lifaka i-mixer ngokweqile futhi lilindele ukuthi isigubhu silungise amaqoqo amabi. Kukhona nenkinga yesikhathi esibi. Uma inqwaba ishiywa isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokubeka, umsebenzi uba nzima futhi ukuqeda kuba nzima. Lezi zinkinga zivame ukubonakala zincane ngenkathi kuhlanganiswa, kodwa zibonakala ngokucacile ngemva kokuba ukhonkolo uqine.
Ngaleso sizathu, indlela engcono kakhulu ukugcina inqubo ilula futhi iphindaphindwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Kala ngendlela efanayo njalo. Engeza amanzi ngendlela elawulwayo. Gcina usayizi webhetshi ngaphakathi kwamandla okuxuba angempela. Qaphela ukuvumelana, hhayi nje isivinini somsebenzi. Lapho abasebenzisi bebuza ukuthi baxuba kanjani ukhonkolo ukuze bathole imiphumela emihle kakhulu , impendulo akuyona icebo elilodwa eliyimfihlo. Luchungechunge lwezinqumo ezincane ezifanele. Uma lezo zinqumo zihlala zihambisana, ukhonkolo uvame ukusebenza njengoba kulindelekile. Ukhonkolo oqinile awuvamile ukuba yingozi. Ezimweni eziningi, kuwumphumela wokuxuba ngokucophelela.
