Aratohu Rahi Pūranga Whakaranu Konukuraiti: Ōwehenga Ranunga, Rōrahi Pahu me te Putanga
Kāore e taea e te mīhini whakaranu raima 350L te whakaputa aunoa i te 350 rita o te raima kua oti mō ia puranga . Tērā pea ka whakaahuahia e te tau i te taha o te tauira te rōrahi o te pahu, te kaha uta, tētahi atu kaha kua whakatauhia rānei, engari ko te nui o te raima ka taea e koe te whakaranu me te tuku ka taea te iti ake. He mea nui taua rerekētanga ina whakamahere ngā kaimahi kirimana i tētahi ringihanga, ā, ina whakatauritea e ngā kaihoko ngā mīhini e rua kei roto i te utu "350L". Ko te ōwehenga ranunga tētahi atu wāhanga o te tatau, engari ka whakautua he pātai rerekē: ko te ōwehenga te whakahaere i ngā ōwehenga rauemi, ko te rahi o te puranga mīhini whakaranu raima e whakaatu ana i te nui o te kaha ka taea e te mīhini te whakahaere i roto i tētahi huringa mahi ka taea te whakahoki.
Te Rōrahi o te Ranu Konukura: He aha te Tikanga o te Tau Pūngao?
Tīmata mā te pātai ki te kaiwhakarato he aha te tohu o te rita. Ehara i te mea ka taea te whakawhiti i te rōrahi katoa o te pahu, te kaha uta me te kaha tuku. Ko te aratohu o ACE mō te kaha o te mīhini whakaranu raima Hei tauira, ka hoatu he tauira mīhini rahi-waenga me te kaha uta 560-rita me te tata ki te 350 rita o te raima kua tukuna. He rerekētanga kei reira mō tētahi take: me whai wāhi ngā rauemi i roto i te pahu hei hiki, hei takahuri me te tohatoha anō.
| Te Wā Pūmanawa | Te Tikanga o Tēnei | Ngā Pātai a ngā Kaihoko |
|---|---|---|
| Te rōrahi o te pahu | Te ātea āhuahanga katoa i roto i te pahu | Ko te rahi o te pahu anake tēnei? |
| Te kaha utaina | Te nui o ngā rauemi i utaina mō tētahi puranga mahi | Koinei te kawenga mahi kua whakatauria? |
| Te kaha tukunga | Ko te raima i hangaia me te whakarewanga mō ia puranga | He aha te rōrahi ka taea e au te whakamahi mō te whakamahere mahi? |
| Putanga ia hāora | Te whakaputa i runga i ngā huringa katoa e whakahokia ana | He aha te roa o te uta, te whakaranu me te tukunga i whakaarohia? |
Ko te kirikiri te nuinga o te puranga. E ai ki te NRMCA, ko te kirikiri te nuinga o te rahinga o te raima . Nō reira, ko te nuinga o ngā mea me neke e te mīhini whakaranu he onepu me te kōhatu, kaua ki te whakapiri sima. Ki te whakakīia rawatia te pahu, ka iti ake te wāhi e neke ai taua rauemi i te ara whakaranu. Tērā pea ka huri pai tonu te pahu; tērā pea ka iti ake te hihiri o te raima i roto.
Me pēhea te whakataurite i ngā mīhini whakaranu raima 350L, 400L me te 500L?
Te ACE whānuitanga mīhini whakaranu raima kei roto i tēnei wā ngā akomanga 350L, 400L me te 500L me ngā kōwhiringa penehīni, tīhiera me te hiko. He pai ēnei tapanga rahi mō te hanga rārangi poto, engari kaua e whakamahia hei putanga raima kua oti te whakamana mēnā kāore i te kīia e te whakatakotoranga mīhini takitahi.
| Akomanga Whakaranu | Āhuatanga Hoko Noa | Tirohia i mua i te tono |
|---|---|---|
| 350L | Ngā ringihanga iti, ngā whakatikatika, ngā pou me ngā mahi a te kaiwhakatū nekeneke | Te rahinga puranga e whakamahia ana, te pūtake hiko, te tikanga tukunga me ngā wira |
| 400L | Te mahi a te kaiwhakatū me te kohikohinga o ngā papa mahi auau | Te kaha mahi, te whakatakotoranga o te mata, te taputapu mowhiti, te anga me te mana |
| 500L | Ngā puranga nui ake i ngā pae iti me ngā pae waenga | Te rōrahi tukunga, te teitei o te uta, te pumau o te anga me te urunga ki te papaanga |
He wāhanga hoko mahi ēnei, ehara i te rohe hangarau. Tērā pea ka nui ake te hua o tētahi kaimahi kirimana mai i tētahi mīhini iti ake i te taha o te mīhini ringihanga i te mīhini nui ake e rima tekau mita te tawhiti e tatari ana mō ngā wira. Ina whakatauritea ngā utu, pātai atu ki ia kaiwhakarato kia tautuhia te kaha i te ara kotahi. Ko te whakataurite i te rahinga o te pahu o tētahi kaihanga ki te rahinga tukunga o tētahi atu kaihanga he huarahi ngāwari ki te hanga i tētahi ripanga tātai kia āhua whai hua ake i tōna āhua tūturu.
He aha te pānga o te ōwehenga ranunga raima ki tētahi puranga whakaranu?
Ko te ōwehenga o te mīhini whakaranu raima e whakaatu ana i te nui o te sima, te onepu me te kirikiri matotoru. Kāore e whakatau i te kaha o te mīhini whakaranu. Mō ngā puranga iti o te papa, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā ōwehenga mōhiotia pēnei i te 1:2:3 me te 1:2:4 hei tohutoro ingoa ina taea e ngā whakaritenga kaupapa.
| Ōwehenga Ingoa | Sima | Oneone | Konumohe Matariki |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1:1.5:3 | 1 wāhanga | 1.5 ngā wāhanga | 3 ngā wāhanga |
| 1:2:3 | 1 wāhanga | 2 ngā wāhanga | 3 ngā wāhanga |
| 1:2:4 | 1 wāhanga | 2 ngā wāhanga | 4 ngā wāhanga |
| 1:3:6 | 1 wāhanga | 3 ngā wāhanga | 6 ngā wāhanga |
Ki te whakamahi koe i tētahi pākete 10-rita mō tētahi puranga 1:2:3, ko ngā rahinga tīmatanga he 10 rita o te sima, 20 rita o te onepu me te 30 rita o te kirikiri matotoru. Kāore te wai e tāpirihia noa hei tau anō i roto i taua ōwehenga. Me whakahaere motuhake.
Kaua hoki e tāpirihia te 10 + 20 + 30, ā, kaua e whakaaro ka tukuna e te mīhini whakaranu te 60 rita o te raima kua oti. Ka whakakīia e ngā matūriki angiangi ngā āputa i waenga i ngā matūriki nui ake, ka whakakīia e te whakapiri ngā āputa iti ake, ā, ka tau te puranga i te wā e whakaranua ana. Mō ngā aratohu taipitopito mō ngā ōwehenga ingoa me ngā tono kaupapa, whakamahia te aratohu o nāianei. tūtohi ōwehenga ranunga raima Me whai tonu te raima hanganga i te mahi kua tohua me te hoahoa ranunga kua whakaaetia.
Te Ōwehenga Wai-Sima: Te Tau e kore e taea e te Pākete te Kōrero ki a Koe
E tautuhia ana e te ACI te ōwehenga wai-rawa sima, w/cm rānei, ko te papatipu o te wai whakaranu kua wehea ki te papatipu o ngā rawa sima . Nō reira, ko te w/cm o te 0.50 he 25 kg o te wai whakaranu mō te 50 kg o te rawa sima. E kī ana hoki a ACI me whai whakaaro ki te makuku kore utu e haria ana e ngā konganuku ina kore e arohia ka tino rerekē te w/cm tuturu.
Ka taea e te onepu mākū te whakarerekē i te puranga i mua i te tāpiri i tētahi wai
Mā te tātaitanga ACI E1-16 ka puta he whakaaro whai hua mō te tauine. I roto i tana tauira SI, ko te kirikiri pai me te 6% te makuku katoa i takoha i te 38.5 kg o te wai kore utu , ko te kirikiri mata i tāpiri i tētahi atu 11.3 kg . Nō reira, i kawea mai e ngā kirikiri he 49.8 kg o te makuku kore utu ki roto i tētahi puranga i hiahiatia he 190 kg o te wai whakaranu katoa. Tata ki te 140 kg anake i tāpirihia motuhake .
| Tauira Makuku ACI | Te nui |
|---|---|
| Wai kore-whakakotahi pai | 38.5 kirokaramu |
| Wai kore-whakakotahitanga | 11.3 kirokaramu |
| Te wai kore utu katoa mai i te whakahiato | 49.8 kirokaramu |
| Te wai whakaranu katoa o te whāinga | 190 kirokaramu |
| Wai i tāpirihia ki te mīhini whakaranu | Tata ki te 140 kg |
He tauira ACI aua tau, ehara i te taumata makuku paerewa mō ia puranga onepu. He māmā ake te akoranga o te papaanga: Ka rite tonu te tatau o ngā peere o te Mane ki te tatau o te Tūrei, engari he mākū ake te raima o te Tūrei nā te mea i ua i te pō.
He aha te "He iti noa iho te wai" kāore i te kore utu
Tērā te take e hiahia ana ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te tāpiri wai. E whakarato ana te NRMCA i tētahi ture whaihua, arā, mā te 5 rita wai mō ia mita pūtoru ka taea te whakanui ake i te wairewa mā te 25 mm pea . He ngāwari te kite i te rerekētanga i te wā e tukuna ana te puranga.
Ko te raruraru kei muri mai. E whakatūpato ana te NRMCA, ko te wai e nui atu ana i te rahinga i whakaritea mō te ranunga ka whakaroa i te whakatōnga, ka whakaiti i te kaha, ka pā kino ki te roa, ka whakapiki ake hoki i te kaha o te pakaru. Ehara i te mea he pai ake te whakatakotoranga māmā ake mō ngā meneti e rima e whai ake nei mō ngā tau e rima e whai ake nei.
Me pēhea te huri i te putanga whakaranu hei mahere puranga tūturu?
Kia mōhiotia te kaha tukunga o te mīhini kua manatokohia, ka māmā noa te tātaitanga:
Te maha o ngā puranga = te rōrahi raima e hiahiatia ana ÷ te rōrahi tukunga kua manatokohia mō ia puranga
Mena ka whakapumautia he 0.28 m³ te nui o te wai ka tukuna e tētahi mīhini whakaranu mō ia puranga, ā, e hiahiatia ana he 1.40 m³ mō te mahi, ko te rahinga kua whakaritea ko:
1.40 ÷ 0.28 = 5 ngā puranga
He tauira tatau noa iho te tatauranga 0.28 m³. Ehara i te putanga whānui mō ia mīhini whakaranu 350L, 400L rānei. Mō tētahi kaupapa tūturu, whakamahia te whakatakotoranga mīhini takitahi, te hua puranga rānei inehia.
Kei roto hoki i te hua o ia rā te uta, te whakaranu, te tuku me te whakarite i te puranga e whai ake nei. Ka tere te ngaro o te ataahua o te tatauranga ā-haora mena kei te tatari te mīhini whakaranu ki te konganuku, ki te kore rānei e taea e te kapa te neke tere atu i te raima.
He mea nui tonu te uta i te raupapa me te wā whakaranu
Kia oti te whakahaere i te rahi o te puranga me te wai, me tukurua te tukanga. Whakamahia te tikanga ine kotahi, karohia te tatau koko matapōkere, ā, tukua kia nui te whakaranu kia ōrite te puranga. Ka rerekē te raupapa uta i runga i te hoahoa o te mīhini whakaranu me te āhua o te rauemi, nō reira he iti noa te painga o te kī he tika te raupapa kotahi mō ia mīhini.
Ko te aratohu ACE mō me pēhea te whakaranu i te raima i roto i te mīhini whakaranu ka hipokina te tukanga whakahaere i roto i ngā taipitopito atu. Mō te tere me te wā whakaranu, tirohia te aratohu ki tere o te pūwero mīhini raima .
He tauira whai hua te raima kua oti te whakaranu hei whakaatu i te kaha o te whakatikatika wai. E kī ana te NRMCA me huri te ranunga ki te ASTM C94/C94M kia 30 ngā hurihanga i te tere whakaranu i muri i te tāpiri i te wai, i te ranunga rānei ki te papa mahi. E pā ana tēnei whakaritenga ki te raima taraka kua oti te whakaranu, ehara i te mea aunoa ki ngā ranunga papa iti, engari he whai hua te mātāpono: kāore e oti te tāpiri wai kia oti rā anō te whakaranu puta noa i te puranga katoa.
Ngā Hapa Pūrua o te Whakaranu Konukuraiti
| Hapa | He aha ngā mea ka hē | Tirohia Pai Ake |
|---|---|---|
| Te whakamahi i ngā rita pahu hei putanga puranga | He nui rawa te whakatau tata mō te hanga o te papaanga | Manatokohia te kaha whakaranu, te kaha tuku rānei |
| Te utaina rawa o te mīhini whakaranu | He iti ake te wāhi e toe ana mō te nekehanga rauemi | Kia mau ki roto i te kawenga mahi kua whakaritea |
| Te tāpiri wai mā te kanohi | Ngā huringa w/cm tuturu i waenga i ngā puranga | Inehia te wai me te tatau i te makuku katoa |
| Te kore aro ki te onepu mākū | Ka tomo te wai kore utu ki te raima, kāore i te kitea | Tirohia te āhua o te makuku o te kohinga |
| He poto rawa te whakaranu | Ka pāngia pea te ōritetanga o te puranga | Whāia ngā tohutohu a te mīhini, tirohia hoki te putanga o te wai |
| Te whakamahi i te ōwehenga kotahi mō ia kaupapa | Kāore pea te raima e tutuki i te mahi e hiahiatia ana | Whāia ngā whakaritenga o te kaupapa |
He aha ngā mea me tirotiro e ngā kaihoko taputapu i mua i te tono?
Mō ngā tīma hoko, tīmata ki te mahi kaua ki te rārangi mahi. Whakatauhia te nui o te raima me hanga mō ia puranga me ia rā, kātahi ka tirohia te mīhini. Ko ngā whakatakotoranga whai hua ko te kaha mahi, te rahinga tuku, te pūtake hiko, te whakaritenga o te mata, te hanganga o te pahu, te taputapu mowhiti, te anga, ngā wira me te urunga tiaki.
Me whakaaro anō hoki ngā kaihokohoko me ngā kamupene reti mō ngā mea ka puta i muri i ngā marama tuatahi. Ka ngaro te ataahua o te utu hoko iti iho ina uaua te whakakapi i te whitiki, te whāriki, te taputapu rānei. Ko te ACE rārangi arowhai tirotiro mīhini whakaranu raima e kapi ana i ēnei tirotiro ā-mīhini, ko te aratohu hoko mīhini whakaranu raima kawe ka titiro matatau atu ki te nekenekehanga, ngā kōwhiringa hiko me ngā āhuatanga o te papaanga.
Ina tono ana koe i tētahi whakatau utu, tukuna atu ki te kaiwhakarato tō putanga puranga e hiahiatia ana, te momo raima noa, te pūtake hiko e wātea ana me te kawenga mahi e tumanakohia ana mō ia rā. He nui ake te whai hua o aua taipitopito i te tono mō "te mīhini whakaranu nui rawa atu kei a koe".
Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Rahi o te Pūranga Whakaranu Konukuraiti
Ka taea e te mīhini whakaranu raima 350L te whakaputa i te 350L o te raima?
Kāore pea. Tērā pea ka whakaahua te rahinga o te pahu i te 350L, kaua i te kaha o te whakaranu, o te tukunga rānei. Tirohia me pēhea te tautuhi a te kaihanga i te tau i mua i te whakamahinga mō ngā tatau puranga.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te rōrahi o te mīhini whakaranu me te rahi o te puranga?
Ko te rōrahi o te whakaranu, o te pahu rānei, e whakaatu ana i te kaha ā-tinana o te pahu. Ko te rahi o te puranga e pā ana ki te nui o ngā rauemi ka taea e te mīhini te whakaranu tika, te nui rānei o te raima kua oti te whakarewa.
He aha te ōwehenga ranunga raima pai rawa atu mō te mīhini whakaranu?
Kāore te mīhini whakaranu e whakatau i te ōwehenga e hiahiatia ana. He pai ngā ōwehenga ingoa pēnei i te 1:2:3 hei tohutoro mara ina whakaaetia, engari me whai te raima hanganga i te kaha e hiahiatia ana, te whakaaturanga me te hoahoa ranunga kua whakaaetia.
Ka rerekē te nui o te wai e hiahiatia ana i te onepu mākū?
Āe. Ka uru te makuku mata kore utu e haria ana e te onepu me te kirikiri matotoru ki roto i te wai whakaranu, ā, ka taea te whakanui ake i te w/cm tuturu mena kāore te wai i tāpirihia motuhaketia e whakaitihia.
Kia pēhea te nui o te wai tāpiri e whakarerekē ana i te hinganga o te raima?
E whakarato ana te NRMCA i te ture whānui mō te 5 rita/m³ o te wai tāpiri mō te pikinga o te hekenga tata ki te 25 mm. He aratohu mara tēnei tatauranga, ehara i te whakaaetanga kia neke atu i te nui o te wai kua tohua, te w/cm rānei.
Me hoko e au he mīhini whakaranu raima 350L, 400L, 500L rānei?
Kōwhiria mai i te putanga puranga e hiahiatia ana, te whakaputanga o ia rā, te pūtake hiko, te urunga ki te papa me ngā hiahia kawe. He pai te akomanga rita mō te whakarārangi poto i ngā mīhini, engari ko te kaha mahi me te kaha tukunga tuturu te whakatau whakamutunga.
Ngā tohu: rahi puranga mīhini whakaranu raima, rōrahi mīhini whakaranu raima, mīhini whakaranu raima 350L, mīhini whakaranu raima 400L, mīhini whakaranu raima 500L, ōwehenga mīhini whakaranu raima, putanga mīhini whakaranu raima, kaha mīhini whakaranu raima, puranga raima, mīhini whakaranu raima kawe
