Ukwandiswa kolwazi lomkhiqizo
Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Ulimi
Umhlinzeki wemishini yokwakha wezixazululo zemishini yokwakha iminyaka engama-30.
Izindawo zokwakha ezincane zinobuntu obuhlukile. Zivame ukuminyana, azibikezeleki, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zifana nephazili lapho yonke into kufanele ilingane kahle khona. Phakathi kwemigwaqo engenela kalula, indawo yokusebenza elinganiselwe, kanye nemisebenzi eminingi esebenza ngasikhathi sinye, ukusebenza kahle kunganyamalala ngokushesha uma kusetshenziswa imishini engalungile.
Yilapho kanye lapho i -mini excavator ifakazela khona ukubaluleka kwayo. Imishini yokumba encane isibe ngomunye wemishini ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni kwesimanje, ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi afana nokwakha izindawo zokuhlala, ingqalasizinda yokuhlobisa ingadi, ukufakwa kwezinsizakusebenza, kanye nokubhidlizwa okuncane.
Nakuba imishini yokumba emikhulu ibusa amaphrojekthi amakhulu engqalasizinda, imishini yokumba emincane ikhanya ezindaweni lapho isikhala, ukunemba, kanye nokuguquguquka kubaluleke kakhulu kunamandla amakhulu. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi imishini yokumba emincane ithuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kahle ezindaweni ezincane zokwakha , kusukela ezinzuzweni zokuklama ubuchwepheshe kuya ezinzuzweni zokusebenza zangempela.
Ngaphambi kokuqonda ukuthi kungani imishini yokumba emincane isebenza kahle kangaka, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinkinga ezivamile ezibhekene nezindawo zokwakha ezincane.
Ngokungafani namaphrojekthi amakhulu engqalasizinda anezindawo zokusebenza ezivulekile, izindawo ezincane zivame ukuba nezithiyo eziningana zokusebenza:
Izindlela zokufinyelela ezincane zemishini
Indawo yokuqondisa elinganiselwe
Imisebenzi eminingi edinga imishini ehlukene
Amashejuli esikhathi aqinile
Ukusebenzisa imishini emikhulu kakhulu kulezi zindawo kunganciphisa umkhiqizo. Imishini yokumba emikhulu ingase ibe nenkinga yokuhamba ngokuphepha, idinge ezinye izinto zokuhamba, futhi yandise ingozi yokulimaza izakhiwo eziseduze.
Imishini yokumba emincane ixazulula lezi zinselele ngokuhlanganisa ubukhulu obuncane, ukukwazi ukuqondisa okuphezulu, kanye namandla anele okumba ukuze kusingathwe imisebenzi eminingi yezindawo ezincane ngempumelelo.
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zokusebenza kahle kwemishini yokumba emincane ukuthi inesisindo esincane. Amamodeli amaningi anobubanzi bomshini obungaba yimitha elilodwa kuya kumamitha angu-1.5, okuwavumela ukuthi afinyelele ezindaweni lapho imishini yokumba emikhulu ingakwazi ukufinyelela khona.
Ezindaweni zokwakha ezincane, lokhu kwenza umehluko omkhulu lapho kusetshenzwa ezindaweni ezifana nalezi:
Ingadi zangemuva zezindlu zokuhlala
Imigwaqo emincane yasemadolobheni
Izisekelo zesakhiwo ezivalekile
Izindawo zokubhidliza zangaphakathi
Ezinye izimbobo ezincane nazo zinemiklamo yokujikijela umsila ongenalutho noma imiklamo yokujikijela umsila oncishisiwe . Lokhu kusho ukuthi isakhiwo esingaphezulu sijikeleza ngaphakathi kobubanzi bethrekhi, kunciphisa ingozi yokushaya izindonga noma izakhiwo eziseduze ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ngokwendlela engokoqobo, lokhu kuvumela abaqhubi ukuthi basebenze ngokuphephile ezindaweni ezixinene kakhulu lapho abakhiqizi bendabuko bedinga njalo ukushintshwa.
Ukusebenza kahle ezindaweni zokwakha kuvame ukulahleka ngesikhathi sokubeka kabusha esikhundleni sokumba kwangempela. Njalo lapho umqhubi edinga ukulungisa indawo yomshini, imizuzu ebalulekile iyanyamalala.
Imishini yokumba emincane ibhekana nale nkinga ngezici eziningana zokuklama:
Irediyasi yokujika emfushane
Izilawuli ze-hydraulic ezisabelayo
Isakhiwo esilula
Ukunyakaza kwethrekhi okuguquguqukayo
Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane kanye nokunyakaza okusheshayo, imishini yokumba emincane ingashintshwa ngokushesha phakathi kwemisebenzi. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi futhi kuvumela abaqhubi ukuthi balondoloze isigqi sokusebenza esibushelelezi usuku lonke.
Esimweni esimatasa sokwakha, ngisho nokuthuthukiswa okuncane kokuguquguquka kungakhuphula kakhulu umkhiqizo jikelele.
Esinye isizathu esikhulu esenza ukuthi ama-mini excavator athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwendawo yikhono lawo lokwenza imisebenzi eminingi esebenzisa izinamathiselo ezahlukene.
Esikhundleni sokuletha imishini eminingana ekhethekile endaweni encane, osonkontileka bangasebenzisa umgodi owodwa omncane wokugaya ohlonyiswe ngamathuluzi angashintshaniswayo. Izinamathiselo ezivamile zifaka:
Amabhakede okufaka imisele yokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza
Ama-hydraulic augers okubhoboza imigodi yeposi
Ama-hydraulic breaker omsebenzi omncane wokudiliza
Ukubeka amabhakede ezingeni lokulinganisa ubuso
Ama-grapple okusingatha udoti kanye nezitshalo
Lezi zinamathiselo zivame ukunikezwa amandla uhlelo lwe-hydraulic olusizayo lomshini. Ukugeleza kwe-hydraulic okuzinzile kuqinisekisa ukuthi ithuluzi ngalinye lisebenza kahle ngaphandle kokubeka umthwalo omkhulu enjinini.
Ngokushintshanisa izinamathiselo esikhundleni semishini, osonkontileka banciphisa izindleko zokuhamba, banciphise ukuminyana kwemishini endaweni yokusebenza, futhi baqede imisebenzi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Nakuba imishini yokumba emincane incane, amamodeli esimanje ahlonyiswe ngezinhlelo ze-hydraulic ezinekhono elimangalisayo.
Iphampu ye-hydraulic iguqula amandla enjini abe yingcindezi yoketshezi, eqhuba ukunyakaza kwe-boom, ingalo, kanye nebhakede. Umklamo we-hydraulic osebenza kahle uvumela imishini yokumba emincane ukuthi inikeze amandla okumba aqinile ngenkathi igcina ukulawula okubushelelezi.
Le nhlanganisela yamandla nokunemba iwusizo kakhulu emisebenzini efana nalokhu:
Ukumba isisekelo
Ukufaka imisele yamanzi
Ukufakwa kwepayipi likagesi
Ukulungiselela indawo
Izinhlelo ze-hydraulic ezithuthukisiwe nazo zinikeza opharetha ukulawula okungcono ngesikhathi sokusebenza okubucayi. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokumba ngokweqile futhi kunciphisa isidingo sokulungiswa kabusha.
Ekwakhiweni, amaphutha ambalwa avame ukuhunyushwa ngokuqondile ekusebenzeni kahle okuphezulu.
Ukuthuthwa kwezinto zokuhamba kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ngokumangazayo ezikhathini zephrojekthi. Imishini yokumba emikhulu ivame ukudinga ama-trailer asebenza kanzima, izimvume ezengeziwe, kanye nezinqubo zokusetha ezinde.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imishini yokumba emincane kulula kakhulu ukuyithutha.
Amamodeli amaningi amancane angathuthwa kusetshenziswa ama-trailer emishini ejwayelekile noma amaloli amancane okuthutha. Lokhu kunciphisa kokubili izindleko zokuhamba kanye nesikhathi sokulungiselela.
Kwabakhi abaphethe amaphrojekthi amaningi amancane ezindaweni ezahlukene, ikhono lokuthutha imishini ngokushesha linikeza inzuzo enkulu yokukhiqiza.
Ukusebenza kahle akukhona nje ngesivinini—kuphinde kube yizindleko.
Imishini yokumba encane ivame ukusebenzisa izinjini ezincane zedizili, ngokuvamile ezisebenzisa amandla asukela ku-10 kuya ku-30 horsepower. Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obuncane, lezi zinjini zinikeza i-torque eyanele yemisebenzi eminingi yokwakha emincane ngenkathi zisebenzisa uphethiloli omncane kakhulu kunemishini emikhulu.
Izinjini zesimanje ezenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokukhishwa kwe-Euro 5 kanye ne-EPA nazo zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kanye nomthelela ophansi emvelweni.
Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi, kuhlanganiswe nezidingo zokulungisa ezilula, kusiza osonkontileka ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza zizonke ngenkathi begcina ukusebenza okuthembekile endaweni.
Ukusebenza kahle kuhlobene kakhulu nokuphepha. Umshini ozizwa ungazinzile noma okunzima ukuwulawula ubambezela ukusebenza ngoba abaqhubi kumele basebenze ngokucophelela.
Ama-mini-excavator aklanywe ngesisindo sokusebenza esilinganiselwe, izisekelo ezibanzi, kanye nezindawo eziphansi zamandla adonsela phansi. Lezi zici zinikeza ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu ngesikhathi sokumba nokuphakamisa.
Imishini ezinzile ivumela abaqhubi ukuthi basebenze ngokuzethemba futhi balondoloze umkhiqizo oqhubekayo usuku lonke.
Futhi lapho umshini wokumba uzizwa uzinzile kunokuba uxege, umqhubi angagxila emsebenzini esikhundleni sokukhathazeka ngokufaka umshini endaweni engathandeki.
Izindawo zokwakha ezincane zidinga imishini eguquguqukayo, esebenza kahle, futhi ekwaziyo ukusingatha imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwesikhala esilinganiselwe. Imishini yokumba emincane ihlangabezana nalezi zidingo kahle kakhulu.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane, ukushelela okusheshayo, izinamathiselo eziguquguqukayo, izinhlelo ze-hydraulic ezisebenza kahle, kanye nezindleko zokusebenza eziphansi, imishini yokumba emincane ithuthukisa kakhulu umkhiqizo ezindaweni zomsebenzi ezivalekile.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kufakwa izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi, kulungiswa izisekelo, noma kwenziwa umsebenzi omncane wokubhidliza, le mishini ivumela osonkontileka ukuthi baqedele amaphrojekthi ngokushesha nangokucophelela okukhulu.
Ezweni lemishini yokwakha, okukhulu akuhlali kungcono. Ngezinye izikhathi, ikhambi elihlakaniphe kakhulu umshini omncane owaziyo kahle ukuthi ungasebenza kanjani ngobuhlakani kunokuba usebenze kanzima.
